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74-01 - Minnewashta Woods PUD pt 2
TECHNICAL PRIDVISIONS FOR SANITARY SEWER SECTION I. SCOPE OF PRWBCr : The contractor shall furnish all labor, equipment, tools and material needed to ccxrrplete the work under this contract in a workmanlike manner. Ile shall furnish and distribute all materials needed; excavate trenches and foundations; handle all drainage and ground water; lay; joint, and test the pipe; install "Y" branches; build manholes; lay connections and re- connections; backfill and consolidate the trenches as specified; clean up the site of the work; and do any other work either express or implied for the satisfactory completion of the contract. SECTION II. All the materials required for the couplete construction of the specified work shall be furnished by the Contractor unless otherwise stated in the SPECIAL CONDITIONS. All materials shall be new, of first grade, amd shall be products of reputable manufacturers known to the trade. 2.1 SANITARY SEWER PIPE 2.1.1 Standard strength vitrified clay sewer pipe (Std. strength VCP): All clay sewer pipe laid at depths of 0 to 10 feet shall conform to the requirements of the Standard Specifications for Clay Sewer Pipe, A.S.T.M. Designation C13-65T or latest subsequent revision. 2.1.2 Extra strength vitrified clay sewer pipe (Ex. strength VCP): Clay sewer pipe laid at depth in excess of 10 feet shall conform to the requirements of the Standard Specifications for Clay Sewer Pipe, A.S.T.M. Designation C200-65T or latest sub- sequent revision. 2.1.3 Reinforced concrete sewer pipe (RCP): All reinforced concrete sewer pipe shall conform to the requirements of the Standard Specifications for Reinforced Concrete Pipe, A.S.T.M. Designation C-76 and subsequent revision. The class of pipe shall be that shown on the plans or in the SPECIAL CCNDITICNS. 2.1.4 Cast.iron pipe (CIP): Cast iron pipe shall be mechan- ical joint and conform to ASA specifications A21.8, 21.6, and shall be AWWA Class 150. The class thickness and wall thick- ness wi11 conform with ASA Thickness Design A21.1 for the lay- ing condition required and the depth of cover shown on.the plan. 1. 2.1.5 Ductile iron pipe (DIP): Ductile iron pipe shall be mechanical joint and conform to ASA specifications A21.5. The class thickness and wall thickness will conform with ASA Thickness Design for the laying condition B and the depth of cover shown on the plan. 2.1.6 Extra heavy cast iron soil pipe (Ex. Hvy. LISP): All extra heavy cast iron soil pipe shall conform to the latest revisions of A.S.T.M. designations for this pipe. 2.1.7 Polyvinyl Chloride sewer pipe (MCP).: All poly- vinyl chloride sewer pipe shall be made from materials conforming to A.S.T.M. designation D-1784 and shall meet requirements of A.S.T.M. designation D-543 and their latest revisions. Prior to incorporating the pipe into the work, the Contractor shall furnish the Engineer with a complete set of the manufacturer's specifications for approval. 2.1.8 Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene sewer pipe (ABSP): All ABSP truss pipe and solid wall pipe shall be made from materials conforming to A.S.T.M. designation D-1788-62T types I or IV, excepting that the minimum heat deflection temperature (A.S.T.M. D-648) shall be 180' F. Prior to incorporating the pipe into the work, the Contractor shall furnish the Engineer with a complete set of manufacturer's specifications for approval. 2.2 JOINT MATERIAL: 2.2.1 Clay pipe: All vitrified clay pipe joints shall be made of materials having resilient properties. The speci- fication for this joint shall ocanform to A.S.T.M. designation C425-66T or latest revision thereto Type I or Type III. 2.2.2 Reinforced concrete pipe: Concrete pipe shall be jointpl with an approved type of rubber gasket conforming with A.S.T.M. designation C361 and its latest revisions unless modified by the SPECIAL COIDITIMS. The gasket shall be a continuous rubber ring with smooth surfaces free from all imperfections which fits snugly in the annular space between the beveled surfaces of the tongue and the groove ends of the pipes to form a flexible water -tight seal under all conditions of service. 2.2.3 Cast iron pipe: Cast iron pipe joints will be mechanical joints conforming to ASA specification A21.8 or A21.6. 2.2.4 Extra heavy cast iron soil pipe: Soil pipe joints shall be poured and caulked with soft pig lead and oakum or a flexible joint such as the Ty -seal joint as manufactured by Tyler Pipe and Foundry Co. The clay pipe to cast iron pipe joint shall be made with oakum and a hot poured joint compound in a method approved by the Engineer. 2. 2.2.5 Plastic pipe: Joints in plastic pipe such as polyvinyl chloride or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene pipe shall be either O-rinq rubber gasket or solvent -cemented joint placed according to the manufacturer's specifications and with the approval of the Engineer. 2.3 MANHOLES: 2.3.1 Pre -cast concrete: Pre -cast concrete manholes shall conform with the requirements of A.S.T.M. specifications C-478. Unless otherwise stated in the plans or SPECIAL CCWDITIONS, the internal diameter shall be four feet. The upper section, or neck of the manhole shall be a special pre -cast cone made ex- pressly for this purpose. 2.3.2 Pre -cast segmental block: Concrete used in the manufac- ture of these blocks shall conform with the requirements of A.S.T.M. "Specifications for Concrete and Masonry Units for Construction of Catch Basins and Manholes", Designation C-139. The blocks shall be radial blocks. Wall thickness and man- hole diameters shall be as stated in the SPECIAL CCNDITICNS, or as shown in the plans. 2.3.3 Concrete materials: Concrete for monolithic concrete manholes and all manhole bases shall consist of Standard Port- land Cement Type I, clean washed sand and crushed rock and gravel free from deleterious materials. Portland Cement shall conform to A.S.T.M. specifications, Portland Cement Type I, Standard Serial Designation C-150. Gradations shall be subject to approval of the Engineer. The minimum design strength of the concrete mixture shall be 3000 psi. 2.3.4 Mortar Materials: Mortar used for laying up concrete block or brick manholes or used for plastering up interior of manholes shall consist of Standard Portland Cement Type I, hy- drated lime and clean, sharp, well graded sand, free fran de- leterious materials. Portland Cement shall conform to A.S.T.M. specifications, Portland Cement Type I, Standard Serial Desig- nation C-150-67. Lime shall conform to specifications for normal finishing hydrated lime, A.S.T.M. Serial Designation C207-49. Gradations shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer 2.3.5 Castings: Cast iron manhole covers shall be made of gray iron conforming to A.S.T.M. designation A-48 for Class 30 iron. The frame shall be a. heavy duty casting of the type desig- nated in the plans, SPWM CCNDITICKS or detail plates. The lid. and frame shall have machined bearing surfaces so that they will not rock or rattle under traffic. 2.3.6 Steps: Manhole steps will be made of aluminum alloy as approved by the Engineer. Aluminum alloy steps shall be North Star Concrete Aluminum Manhole Step #12-A or equal. 3. SECTION III. INo eECTIC IN OF MATERIALS: All materials furnished by the Contractor are subject at the discretion of the Engineer to inspection and approval at the plant of the manufacturer. During the process of unloading, all pipe and accessories shall be inspected by the Contractor for loss or damage in transit. No shipment of material shall be accepted by the Contractor until or unless notation of any lost or damaged material shall have been made on the bill of lading by the agent of the carrier. All pipe and accessories shall be laid, jointed, tested for defects and for infiltration in the manner herein specified as directed by the Engineer and subject to his approval. All material found during the progress of the work to have cracks, flaws, or other defects will be rejected by the Engineer, and the Contractor shall prcmptly remove from the site of the work such defective material. SECTION IV. CONTRACTOR'S RESPONSIBILITY FOR MATERIAL: 4.1 RESPONSIBILITY FOR MATERIAL FURNISHED By CCNTRAICTOR: The Contractor shall be responsible for all material furnished by him and he shall replace at his own expense all such material that is found to be defective in manufacture or that has become damaged in handling after delivery by the manufacturer. 4.2 RESPONSIBILITY FOR MATERIAL FURNISHED BY OWNER: The Contractor's responsibility for material furnished by the Owner shall begin at the point of delivery by the manufacturer, or Owner and upon acceptancy of the material by the Contractor. The Contractor shall examine all material furnished by the Owner at the time and place of delivery, and shall reject all defective material. Any defective material furnished by the Owner and not rejected by the Contractor, and dis- covered prior to final acceptance of the work, will be replaced with sound material by the Owner and the Owner will furnish such add- itional material and supplies as may be necessary to install such replaced material; the Contractor, however, shall remove the defective material and install the replaced material at his own expense, fur- nishing all the labor and facilities necessary to complete the work to the satisfaction of the Engineer. 4.3 REPLACIIMENr OF DAMAGED MATERIAL: Any material furnished by the Owner that becomes damaged after acceptance by the Contractor, shall be replaced by the Contractor at his own expense. 4.4 RESPONSIBILITY FOR SAFE STORAGE: The Contractor shall be responsible for the safe storage of material furnished by or to him, and accepted by him, and intended for the work, until it has been incorporated in the carTleted project. 4.5 HANDLING PIPE AND ACCESSORIES: Pipe and other accessories shall, unless otherwise directed be unloaded at the point of delivery, hauled to and distributed at the site of the project by the Contractor. They shall at all times be handled with care to avoid damage. 4. SECTICN V. CONSTRWrICIN STAKES: The Engineer will stake out the sewer line and establish the grades. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to protect these stakes, and any replacement of stakes shall be at the expense of the Contractor. The Contractor shall move any material, equipment or obstruction which may be on the line of stakes. The Contractor will be furnished a dopy of the Engineer's cut sheet and fiat the cuts shown he shall establish his batter boards. There shall at all times be three (3) batter boards set up so that the sewer grade and line can be checked. In case of apparent error dis- closed by this visual check, the setting of the boards should be checked and, if the variation still exists, the Engineer should be notified immed- iately so that the offset stakes may be checked. SECTICN VI. ALIGNMENT AND GRADE: All pipe shall be laid and maintained to the required lines and grades, with tees, wyes, manholes and special structures at the loca- tions shown. All underground and surface utility structures shall be located and given temporary support by this Contractor. He shall fur- nish and place adequate supporting members as directed by the Engineer, such location and supporting to be at his expense. Wherever existing utility structures or branch connections leading to main sewers or main drains, or other conduits, ducts, pipes or structures present obstructions to the grade and alignment of the pipe,`they-shall be Permanently supported, removed, relocated or reconstructed by the Contractor through cooperation with the Owner of the utility, structure or obstruc- tion involved. In instances where such relocation or reconstruction is impracticable, the Engineer reserves the right to order a change in line and grade. Such a change will be made in the manner directed by the Engineer with extra compensation allowed as set forth in the General Conditions or as set forth in the change order. No deviation shall be made from the required line or grade except with the written consent of the Engineer. SECTION VI. EXCAVATION: Sewers shall be laid in open trenches, except as otherwise shown or specified. Trenches shall be excavated to the designated lines and grades, beginning at the outlet end and progressing toward the upper end in each case. Bottoms of trenches shall be fitted to the lower 1/3 of the pipe (overall diameter). Holes shall be dug at bells to give ample roan for caulking and sealing each joint. Wherever a trench is excavated below the proper level it shall be backfilled to the designated grade with approved material which shall be tamped into place to prevent settlement and shaped to the bottom 1/3 of the pipe. Where rock occurs in the bottan of the trench, it shall be excavated below the bottom of the sewer sufficiently to permit of at least 6" depth of suitable earth or sand fill which shall be tapped and formed to fit the pipe as hereinbefore described. 5. Wherever the ground does not, in the opinion of the Engineer, afford sufficiently reliable foundation, the trench shall be excavated to such additional depth as the Engineer may require and then be brought up to the required grade and form with crushed rock or gravel fill or concrete as may be directed by the Engineer. Such foundatim work, when ordered in writing, will be paid for as extra work. Trenches shall be of mininum width to provide ample working space for making joints and tamping backfill. The maximum width of the exca- vatien at the top of the pipe shall be the outside diameter of the pipe plus 16 inches for all pipe up to and including the 33 inch size. Pipe of 33 inch size and larger shall have a maximum trench width at the top of the pipe equal to the outside diameter plus 24 inches. If the Con- tractor chooses to excavate to widths greater than the one above, he must get the approval of the Engineer and supply pipe with adequate strength to support the increased pipe loading. The material excavated and that to be used in the work shall be laid con pactly at the side of the trench and kept trimmed so as to obstruct the site as little as possible. During the progress of the work, the excavation shall be kept clear of water so far as practicable and bell holes shall be free from water while joints are being made. The Contractor shall provide all power, pumps and apparattYs necessary for the rapid execution of the work. Any jacking operations which are required as shown on the plans or as specified in the SPECIAL CCNDITICNS sham be operated by persons experienced in this type of work. The jacking operations consist of first jacking the liner pipe of the dimensions shown below the pavement, railroad or utility shown, after which operation the sewer pipe will be laid. The sewer pipe shall be laid on sand cushion and after the pipe is in place, sand shall be placed around and over the top of the pipe until the liner pipe is completely filled. This sand cushion may be made by use of pit run sand, but -it shall not contain pieces of stone larger than 1-1/2 in any dimension. The sand may be blown or shovelled into the liner pipe. After the liner pipe is completely filled to the satisfaction of the Engineer, the ends of the liner pipe shall be filled with brick and mortar to form a watertight seal. Blasting for excavation may not proceed until the Engineer has been notified by the Contractor of the necessity to do so. The Con- tractor shall assume all responsibility for the hazards and liabil— ities contingent on blasting operations. All damage caused by blast- ing operations of this Contractor shall be repaired promptly by him at his expense. The procedure and method of blasting operations shall conform in every way with the ordinances of the village or city. All explosives on the project shall be stored in accordance with state and the local government laws governing explosives and their use. When traffic cannot be diverted, it will be permitted to use the highway at all times. The Contractor shall at his own expense, erect and maintain warning signs and a warning barricade at each end of the construction operations. The Contractor shall at his own expense, place and maintain not less than two battery operated flasher type warning lights at each end of these barricades. At all dangerous sections, by-passes, and intercepting roads, the Contractor shall at his own expense furnish, erect and maintain such warning barricades as are necessary and required by the Engineer, and he shall place and maintain not less than two battery operated flasher type warning lights at each end of these barricades. 6. It shall be the Contractor's responsibility to make a check and inspection of all lights and barricades every four hours, including Sundays and Holidays. He shall maintain the streets in a passable condition, shall conduct his work so as to create a minimum amount of inconvenience to traffic, and shall furnish not less than two flag- men at each location where loading or depositing of material requires the turning of the trucks on any state highway or "main street" and where the operation of construction equipment endangers traffic. Temporary suspension of work does not relieve the Contractor of the responsibility outlined in the above requirements. The Contractor shall be responsible for and shall immediately repair all damage to existing sewers, watermains, and house service connections to the same operated by.the Owner which is caused by the construction work. The Contractor shall notify #ditphme and, power caTpanies and others who maintain underground utilities sufficiently in advance of the proposed construction so that they may locate, un- cover, and disclose such work. The Contractor shall not be responsi- ble for any damage to utilities unless they have been properly located. Temporary support, adequate protection and maintenance of all municipal underground and service utility structures, surface and sub- surface drains, sewers, and other obstructions encountered in the progress of the work shall be furnished by the Contractor at his own expense under the direction of the Engineer. Trees, fences, poles, and all other property shall be protected unless their removal is authorized; and any property damaged shall be satisfactorily restored by the Contractor, or adequate canpensa- tion therefor shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. No valve or other control on the existing system shall be oper- ated for any purpose by the Contractor without approval by the Engineer, and all consumers affected by such operation shall be notified by the Contractor at least an hour before the operation and advised of the probable time when service will be restored. SECTION VIII. SHEETING AND BRACING: The Contractor shall protect the sides and bottom of the trenches against any instability which may interfere with the proper laying of the sewer and as necessary for the safety of the workmen and others, and as may be necessary to protect adjacent structures. Sheeting and bracing shall be used as necessary for this purpose and the cost of such work, whether left in place or not, shall be included in the unit prices for the pipe in place. Where the bottom of the trench is unstable and sheet- ing is used, it shall extend below the sewer invert. All sheeting below the top of the sewer shall be left in place and that above the top of the sewer shall be removed during baokfilling. SECTICIN IX. PIPE LAYING: Sewers shall be laid with a full and uniform bearing on the bottoms of the trench to the lines and grades required. Rake out the bottom of the trench of sufficient depth and area to bed the hubs and to make the joints. The alignment between manholes shall be such as to permit the whole inside circumference being seen from any manhole to the next adjacent manhole. 7. Piping that does not conform to line and grade shall be relaid at the Con- tractor's expense. Pipe shall be laid Against the grade of the sewer or uphill. The spigot end of the pipe shall be inserted into the bell full depth and when ccen- pleted, each line of pipe shall have a smooth and uniform invert. Sewer pipe shall not be laid in frozen ground or in water, and no water is to be allowed to run through the pipe until the joint has hardened or cured. The joints for sanitary sewers shall be made watertight as hereinafter specified. As soon as the joint is made, the bell depression shall be filled with sand which shall be pressed under and around the joint, by hand, in such a way as to support and protect it from -sagging or being disturbed. No backfill shall be -placed over any joint until it has been inspected and approved, unless otherwise directed. The interior of the sewer shall, as the work progresses, be cleaned of all dirt and superfluous materials. The exposed ends of sewers shall be protected with suitable temporary covers. Pipe laid in place shall be protected from injury and disturbance, and walking and working upon pipe in place shall be prevented. 9.1 LAYING CJF PLASTIC SEWER PIPE: 9.1.1 Preparation of trench: The bottom of the trench shall be of stable material. Where ground water is encountered, the bottom shall be stabilized with granular material of 1/2 inch maximum particle size. A 6 inch cushion shall be placed over rock or hardpan. 9.1.2 Backfill material: The backfill material surrounding the pipe shall be readily campactable and shall consist of coarse sand, gravelly sand or clayey sand, free fran frozen lumps, stone larger than 1/2 inch and excessive fines, silt or clay. The material shall fall within the Highway Research Board Classification Group A-1, A-2 (Plasticity Index less than 10), or A-3. 9.1.3 Compaction: The backfill material surrounding the pipe shall be placed and compacted in two layers for pipe less than 6 inch and in three layers for pipe 6 inch and larger. The top of the final layer shall be at least 12 inches over the top of the pipe. Com- paction perferably shall be by approved mechanical means (such as a Wacker Palmier GVR 100-X with 6" X- 12" shoe) . Where hand omr paction is used, it shall be with flat base tamper with a minitm m weight of 6 pounds. Catpaction methods and moisture control shall be such as to achieve a compaction at least equal to 95% Standard Proctor, A.S.T.M. Specification D-698. The remainder of the back - fill shall be in accordazce.with job specifications. 9.1.4 Fittings: Fittings, such as saddle outlets, elbows, tees, wyes, and others shall be of material, construction and joint design corresponding to the adjacent pipe. Long sweeps and offsets may be fabricated from normal run of pipe. Adapters shall be provided for transitions to other types of pipe. 8. 9.2 JOINTING CLAY SEWER PIPE: All clay sewer pipe shall be joined with rubber gasket joints conforming with Section 2.2.1 of this specification. Just before laying the pipe, the joint shall be wiped clean and dry. The gasket, if not already secured on the pipe, shall be inserted and the spigot fully pushed into the bell. 9.3 JOINTING CCNCRETE SEWER PIPE: Concrete sewer pipe shall be joined with rubber gasket joints conforming with Section 2.2.2 of this spec- ification. Just before laying the pipe, the joint shall be wiped clean and dry. The gasket, if not already secured on the pipe, shall be in- serted and the spigot fully.pushed into the bell. 9.4 JOINTING CAST IRON PIPE: The socket, gasket, and spigot end of the joining cast iron pipe shall be cleaned of all foreign material. The gland shall then be slipped onto the spigot end, followed by the gasket, and the pipe entered into the bell. Seat the gasket in the bell, move the gland into position against the gasket, assemble the bolts and nuts and bolt the assembly securely -to form a tight joint. 9.5 JOINTING PLASTIC PIPE: 9.5.1 Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe (PVCP) and Aarylcnitrile-Butadiene- Styrene Pipe (ABSP) on which rubber gaskets have been specified shall have a joint thoroughly free and clean of sand and dirt before join- ing. The gasket, if not already secured cn the pipe, shall be in- serted and the spigot fully pushed into the bell. 9.5.2 Plastic pipe which is to be jointed with solvent cement shall have the bell and spigot ends cleaned with a cloth moistened with methyl -ethyl -ketone (NEK). Using a brush, the cement shall be lib- erally applied to the spigot for a distance equal to the joint depth, and lightly applied to the inside of the bell. Immediately thereafter the joint shall be made by inserting the spigot into the bell and pushing it "home" as far as possible. The pipe shall then be rotated 30 to 90 degrees to distribute the cement. Any excess cement shall be wiped away. The joint shall remain undis- turbed for at least five minutes after joining. SECTION X. HOUSE OCNNECTIONS : House connections shall be provided where directed. Each of the house connections shall be located as directed and shall extend frcm the sewer to the property line. House connections shall be made of 6" vitrified clay pipe fittings, except as otherwise specified in the proposal. A wye fitting shall be built into the sewer for each house connection. Each wye fitting shall be laid to pitch up from the sewer at 45% except where fall must be limited to serve the house, in which case slope shall be not less than ;" to the foot. It will be the Contractor's responsibility to keep accurate records of the location of each wye and turn this over to the Engineer before backfilling, so that 9. its accuracy can be checked. A service lateral will be run fran each wye or tee to the property line. A thirty (30) degree bend will be used at the wye. Each house connection shall be laid at a slope of 1/8" per foot, except as otherwise directed, and shall pass under water pipes. At the end of the service lateral a suitable watertight stopper shall be installed. Where the depth of the sewer main is sufficient, the depth of the service shall be nine (9) feet, unless greater depth is required to serve an unusually low house or site. All vitrified clay sewer pipe wyes or tees laid at depths in excess of 14 feet shall be set in a oon- crete cradle similar to that shown on the House Service Diagram found in these specifications. This cradle shall be at least 2 feet wide. The depth should be at least 8 inches with the top of the cradle at the spring line. Where excess depth is sufficient to warrant a near vertical riser pipe, the wye and bend or tee shall be tipped up to allow the service to be laid in a shallow hand shaped trench along the ditch backslope.. At a suitable depth for normal service'lateral construction, a suitable bend will be placed to change the direction to a normal gradient. The placement of the cradles shall be considered incidental to the job at no additional compensation. The Contractor shall place a wooden 2 :k 2 at the end of each house lateral. This marker shall extend fran the end of the pipe stub to one (1) foot above the surface of the ground. The cost of these markers shall be considered as incidental to the job and will be included in the unit price of the pipe. Where so directed by the Engineer, 4" extra heavy cast iron soil pipe shall be us®d for house connections. House connections shall be laid at right angles to the sewer, except as,otherwise directed by the Engineer. SECTION XI. CCNSTRUCrION OF NANHOEE5: 11.1 STANDARD NANHCLES: All manholes are to be built to the dimen- sions shown in the plans, SPECIAL CONDITIMS, or cut sheet furnished by the Engineer. The manhole footing is to be of poured concrete and shall be a minimum of egjht . (r8 p irsdieg thick and . A . di er of -xe, X1Y tobt great- er than the outsift diameter of the manhole barrel. The lower section of precast manholes may be built of block or brick to a height of six (6) inches above the top of the highest pipe. Precast sections roust be mortared together to insure watertight joints. All inverts of the manhole shall be shaped to the same diameter ae,thd'pipe to a depth of one-half (1/2) the internal diameter of the pipe. All inverts are to be of concrete. inhere laterals enter the main line, a gradual change in the direction of each lateral shall be introduced within the manhole. 11.2 WATERPROOF FMHOLES: If stipulated on the plan, in the SPECIAL CONDITIONS, or in the Detail Plates, the entire manhole or any por- tion thereof shall be made waterproof in the following manner: 11.2.1 Castings: Waterproof castings shall be of a design approved by the Engineer and shall have a machined gasket groove and a neoprene gasket. 10. 11.2.2 Barrel section, base, and grouting: All water proof manholes shall be constructed of precast barrel sections. The joints between sections shall be of watertight construction utilizing a pre -mold bituminous type canpressable gasket identi- fied as "RAMEK", or with "Press -Seal" gasket. The Portland cement mortar or concrete used in the base or for the filling or grouting of openings in the precast sections shall contain a "nonshrink admixture" as approved by the Engineer. A one (1) inch waterstop, suitable to the pipe material specified, shall be securely fastened to the pipe so as to be centered on the manhole walls at all pipe and manhole junctions. 11.3 DROP MANHOLES: Where an influent main is over three (3) feet above the flow line of the effluent main, the -two shall be connected by means of a "Drop Manhole". A diagram of an outside drop manhole may be found as part ofthe Specifications. This provides for a tee connection to drop the higher elevation flow line to the lower level flow line before it enters the manhole. It also provides a clean -out for the higher elevation sewer line. Where changes in elevation with- in the manhole are not sufficient for a drop, the manhole invert shall befilleted so that a smooth charnel is formed. 11.4 STEPS, RINGS, AND CASTINGS: Manhole steps shall be placed in a vertical row every sixteen :(16) inches. They shall be firmly im- bedded in the brick, block or precast sections. When steps have been mortared into the precast sections before delivery to the job, fresh mortar shall be plastered over the outside of the step holes before the section is used. There shall be at least three (3) and a maximum. of six (6) 2 inch precast adjusting rings used on every manhole. The manhole frame or ring casting shall be set carefully to grade in full mortar bed. 11.5 STUBS: Stubs from a manhole shall be laid to the grade shown on the plans. These shall be plugged with a suitable watertight stopper. The stopper will be considered incidental to the job. The length of pipe shall be paid for at --the contract bid price. SECTION XII. BACKFILL3NG: 12.1 BACKFILIOM AT PIPE ZCNE: All sewer pipe laid in an open trench is to be backfilled by and hand tamped or mechanically tamped to 18 inches above the top of the pipe. The backfill is to be placed and tamped evenly on both sides of the pipe so as not to disturb the grade or line of the pipe. The pipe shall not be walked upon until it has been backfilled to a height even with the top of the pipe. The next eighteen (18) inches of backfill material shall be hand placed and hand or mechanically tamped. Material for this part of the backfilling is to be free of rock and frozen material. Where no suitable backfill material is available, this part of the backfilling shall be done with pit run gravel that is free fran large rocks. 11. 12.2 BACYFILLING TO GRADE: The backfill material fran one (1) foot above the pipe to the street grade shall consist of sand, gravel or an approved excavated material. The backfill shall be placed in lifts of a depth suitable to the material encountered and ccnpacted by the ordinary oanpaction method in a manner as approved by the Engineer to a density substantially equivalent to that existing in the adjacent soils. 12.3 SURFACE RESTORATICN: Unless stated specifically to the contrary in the SPECIAL CONDITIMS, the Contractor shall replace all surface material and shall restore paving, curbing, sidewalks, gutters, fences, sod and other items disturbed, to a condition equal to that before the work began; furnishing all labor, materials and equipment nec- essary to do this work without additional compensation. No penra- nent paving shall be placed within thirty (30) days after backfill- ing is completed, except by order of the Engineer. Traveled streets shall be kept open and maintained by the Contractor after backfill- ing and before surfacing or final inspection. 12.4 CLEANDIG UP: Surplus pipe line material, tools, and temp- prary structures shall be removed by the Contractor, and all dirt, rubbish, caused by his operations and excess earth from excavations shall be hauled to a dump provided by the Contractor, and the con- struction site shall be left to the satisfaction of the Engineer. SECi'ICN XIII. TESTS AND INSPE(TICN : 13.1 INFILTRATION: 13.1.1 Description of test: Upon completion.of the sewer construction and before any house services are connected, leakage tests shall be made to determine the amount of ground water infiltration into the sewers. Measurements will be made by means of 90 degree V-notch weirs placed in the lines. Mea- surements shall be taken at all points where, in the opinion of the Engineer, the flow of the water in the sewers is great- er than the maximum allowable leakage. 13.1.2 Allowable leakage: The maximxn allowable leakage shall be one -hundred -fifty gallons per inch of diameter of pipe per mile of pipe, per 24 hours. The quantity of pipe used in these calculations shall include mains and street laterals only, and shall exclude house service laterals. 13.1.3 Corrective work: In case measurements indicate a leakage greater than the maximum allowable leakage at the outlet of new construction, additional measurements shall be taken and continued until all leaks are located and the nec- essary repairs and the corrective work have reduced the leak- age in the section being tested below the maximum allowable allowed by the specifications. 12. SBCTION XIV. COLD WEATHER i^OM 14.1 LAYING PIPE IN COLD WEATHER: No pipe shall be laid in open cut trench in temperatures below 15° Fahrenheit, without approval of the Engineer. When pipe is to be laid with mortar joint in temperatures between 35° and 15° Fahrenheit, the mortar shall be brought to a temperature, by heating ingredients, so that at the time of placement it shall have a temperature of not less than 60°, and not more than 90° Fahrenheit. In the event that there is any impairment of the mortar joints under these conditions the right is reserved to require the Con- tractor to heat the pipe also, or to discontinue the work. The same rights are reserved in cases using a hot pour joint. 14.2 BUILDING MANHOUES IN COLD WEATHER: No brick nor concrete block manholes shall be built in temperatures below 15° Fahrenheit without approval of the &kginc-er. When manholes are built in temperatures between 35° and 15° Fahrenheit, the ingredients of the mortar at the time of placement shall have a temperature of not less than 600 Fahren- heit. In the event there is any impairment of the mortar under these conditions, the right is reserved to require the Contractor to heat the brick or concrete blocks, or to take such other precautions as the Engineer may direct, or require discontinuance of the work. 14.3 PLACING CONCRETE IN COLD WEATHER: No concrete shall be poured where the air temperature is lower than 40° Fahrenheit, and where the concrete cannot be covered or protected from the surrounding air. The ingredients of the concrete shall be heated so that the temperature of the mixture shall not be less than 50° nor more than 100° Fahrenheit. Before mixing, the heated aggregates shall not exceed 175° Fahrenheit. Cement shall not be added while the temperature of the mixed aggregates and water is greater than 100° Fahrenheit. When there is a likelihood of freezing during the curing period, the concrete shall be protected by means of an insulating covering to prevent the freezing of concrete until 80% of the strength for which the concrete was designed has been attained. SBCTICN XV. METHOD OF NEASU1049 i' AND PAYN ENT : All itepis which are not definitley covered by this section will be paid for according to the contract unit price. All items will be considered as the price per unit installed, unless otherwise stated in the SPBCIAL CCNDITICNS. 15.1 SEWER PIPE: All measurements of sewer pipe length shall be from center of manhole to center of manhole or fitting, along the center of said sewer pipe for each diameter and type of pipe. Measurement of depth (vertical) shall be made from the flow line of the sewer pipe and shall be in zone classifications as follows: Fran: 0 feet to 8 feet Fran: 14 feet to 16 feet Fran: 8 feet to 10 feet From: 16 feet to 18 feet Fran: 10 feet to 12 feet etc.•in 2 foot intervals. From: 12 feet to 14 feet 13. Payment will be by lineal feet in place to include the cost of furnishing all pipe, joint materials, gaskets and other material, and of delivering handling, laying, trenching, backfilling, testing and all equipment or work necessary to install the pipe complete in place at the depth specified ready to use. This payment shall be to the nearest foot. 15.2 HOUSE SERVICES: House service sewer pipe will be measured fram the bell end of the 1/8 bend to the stopper plug at the end of the sewer ser- vice. The measurement will be made parallel to the slope. The depth of said pipe will not be measured as it will not be a factor in payment. Payment will be by lineal feet in place complete with cradle if necessary. 15.3 MANHOLES: Manholes shall be measured frcm the lowest pipe invert to the top of the casting. The payment for a manhole shall be at the unit price per each for furnishing and installing a ccmplete manhole of heights not exceeding eight (8) feet. If the measured depth is over eight (8) feet, an additional payment shall be made for each foot that is in excess of eight (8) feet. This measurement and payment shall be to the nearest 1/10 of a foot. The unit price per manhole shall include the manhole rings, covers and steps in place. 15.4 DROP MANHOLES: The measurement and payment for the item "Drop Manhole" shall in addition to the manhole, casting, base, etc. normally constricted in a standard manhole, include the clay bend, tee, three (3) lineal feet of pipe, concrete horseshoes and all materials necessary to construct the drop section. Any additional vertical pipe in excess of the above mentioned three (3) foot section required by a greater drop distance shall be paid for under the item "Excess Riser for Drop Section" and shall be measured by subtracting four (4.00) feet fiat the difference in invert elevations of the two pipe. 15.5 SPECIAL PIPE FITTINGS INSTALLED: Wye, Tee, double wye, double tee, 1/8 bend and other special fittings shall be paid for at the contract unit bid price for each unit installed. 15.6 ROCK EXCAVATION: Rock excavation will be measured and paid for based on cubic yards of rock excavated (trench measure). 15.7 SUBGRADE CORRECTION: Granular backfill for subgrade.,00rreati.on shall be measured by truck boot volume strike off measurement. Payment will be per cubic yard of material used and shall be payment in full for subgrade excavation, except rock excavation which is paid for separately, material supplying and all work necessary to install the subgrade cor- rection material in accordance with these specifications. 15.8 BAC FILL MATERIAL: Select backfill material, when required by the Engineer, will be measured by truck box volume strike off measure- ment. Payment will be per cubic yard of material used and shall be payment in full for the supplying of all material, labor and all else necessary to the placing of the select backfill and the disposal of material it replaces. 14. SECTION XVI. GUARANTEES: The Contractor shall be held responsible for any and all defects in workmanship and materials which may be developed in any part of the entire installation furnished by him other than street surfaces, and upon written notice from the Engineer, shall immediately replace and make good without expense, to the Owner such faulty part or parts and damage done by reason of same, during the period of one year from the date of final acceptance of the installation. Should the Contractor fail to make good the defective parts within a period of thirty days of such notification, after written notice has been given him, the owner may replace these parts, charging the expense of same to the Contractor. 15. F-i L-I • • 0 WATERMAIN CONSTRUCTION SECTION I. SCOPE OF PROJECT: The work, described by these specifications and accompanying drawings includes, unless specified otherwise, the furnishing of all material, equipment, tools, labor and skill necessary to install the watermains and appurtenances shown on the plans complete and ready for service. This includes the unloading, hauling and distribution of all material, excavation, installation of material, backfilling and restoration of surface conditions, and any rearrangement of branch connections to main sewers, conduits, ducts, or other structures in accordance with the drawings and stipulations included herein. SECTION II. MATERIALS: All materials required for the complete construction of the specified work shall be furnished by the Contractor unless otherwise stated in the SPECIAL CONDITIONS. All materials shall be new, of first grade, and shall be products of reputable manufacturers known to the trade. 2.1 CAST IRON WATER PIPE (C.I.P.): All cast iron water pipe shall be push -on joint or mechanical joint cast iron pipe for 150 p.s.i. internal pressure in accordance with ASA Specification A21.8 or A21.6. The joint shall conform to ASA Specification A21.11. The push -on joint shall be as recommended by the manufacturer such as Fastite, Belltite, or approved equal. All pipe shall be 16 feet or more in length, wherever possible. The pipe wall thickness shall be as follows: Dia. of C.I.P. in Inches 16 12 10 8 6 4 2 Class Thickness 24 23 22 22 22 22 22 Wall Thickness in Inches 0.63 0.52 0.44 0.41 0.38 0.35 0.25 All pipe shall have a smooth thin cement lining conforming to ASA Specification A21.4 with the lining and exterior coated with bitumen, unless other special lining and coating are specified in the !1� SPECIAL CONDITIONS. Damaged coating shall be repaired by the Contractor in a manner satisfactory to the Engineer. 2.2 DUCTILE IRON WATER PIPE (D.I.P.): All ductile iron water pipe shall be push -on joint or mechanical joint cast iron pipe for 150 p.s.i..internal pressure in accordance with ASA Specification 21.5 or AWWAC 151-65 or their latest revisions. The joint shall conform to ASA Specification A21.11. The push -on joint shall be as recomaaended by the manufacturer such as Fastite, Belltite, Tyton or approved equal. All pipe shall have a smooth thin cement lining conforming to ASA Specification A21.4 with the lining and exterior coated with bitumen, unless other special lining and coating are "specified in the SPECIAL CONDITIONS. Damaged coating shall be repaired by the Contractor in a manner satisfactory to the Engineer. All pipe shall be 16 feet or more in length, wherever possible. The thickness class for ductile iron pipe shall be as follows: Dia. of D.I.P. In Inches 16 12 10 8 6 4 2.3 GASKETS: Class Thickness 4 5 5 5 4 4 Wall Thickness 0.46 0.46 0.44 0.42 0.37 0.35 All gaskets shall be made of a vulcanized crude rubber compound. All surfaces of the gaskets shall be smooth, free from imperfections and any porosity. Lead -tipped gaskets shall be used for mechanical joint pipe. All joints shall be capable of maintaining electrical conductivity by a method approved by the Engineer. 2.4 FITTINGS: All fittings shall be mechanical joint and shall be equal to the ASA Specification A21.10 or the AWWA C111 Specification for said fittings. Exterior coating and lining shall be as used on the cast iron and ductile iron pipe as specified in Sections 2.1 and 2.2 of these specifications; 2.5 GATE VALVES: All gate valves shall be hand key operated, inside screw, non -rising -2- stem, iron body, bronze mounted type, conforming to the applicable requirements of AWWA C500 and the following. All valves 12 inches or smaller shall have working pressure of 175 p.s.i. unless otherwise stated. Valve sizes over 12 inches shall have a working pressure of 150 p.s.i. The non -rising stem shall be equipped with a two (2) inch square wrench nut, and shall close by turning in a clockwise direction. Stem seals shall be of 0-ring type. The Contractor shall furnish to the Owner, free of charge, on valve wrench per twenty-five (25) valves installed of suitable length to operate any valves furnished in the contract. These wrenches are to be delivered directly to the Owner by the manufacturer of the valves. 2.6 VALVE BOXES: Valve boxes shall be installed over all valves; they shall be equal to Clow No. F2450 three piece screw type for 7'0" cover. The valve boxes shall be furnished and installed complete with base and cover. 2.7 HYDRANTS: Hydrants shall be in accordance with the standard specifications for hydrants adopted by the AWWA, except as otherwise provided herein and shall be of a type to meet local requirements. All hydrants shall have a six (6) inch mechanical joint inlet connection and a five (5) inch maximum valve opening. They shall have "0" ring stem seals and shall open counterclockwise. They shall have one (1) 4-1/2 inch pumper outlet and cap with Minneapolis Standard thread of four (4) to the inch; and two (2) 2-1/2 inch hose outlets and caps with National Standard threads of 7-1/2 to the inch. All hydrants shall be approximately nine and one-half (9-1/2) feet from the top of the connecting pipe to the center of the outlet nozzles to allow seven and one-half (7-1/2) of bury and approximately two (2) feet from the surface grade to the center of the outlet nozzles. Each hydrant shall have a safety stem coupling and flange so constructed to prevent damage to the stem and hydrant barrel if the top section is hit. The coupling and flange shall alto allow rotation of the upper portion of the hydrant and addition of extension sections. The hydrant main valve shall be of the compression type and shall open against pressure. The valve shall be faced with a resilient material which will resist damage by rocks, and other foreign matter, and shall be designed so that the valve and seat may be removed for repairs and replacement without digging up the hydrant. The gasket shall be inset so that it will not be injured when raised or lowered and so that it will remain attached to the seat ring. A positive closing drain valve of non-coorodible material shall be -3- provided and arranged so that it will automatically drain the hydrant barrel when the main valve is closed and prevent any leakage when the main valve is open. The entire drain mechanism shall be removable with the main valve and seat. Hydrants shall have approved self lubricating features for the stem threads. All valves shall be lubricated with waterproof graphite grease. All movable parts within the hydrant shall be bronze or non - corrodible metal. Where contact is made between the valve rod or operating nut and the packing it shall be bushed with bronze or non - corrodible metal and no leakage shall be permitted under the bushed surface. Outlet nipples shall be of bronze or approved non -corrodible metal securely fastened and caulked in place. Outlet caps shall be provided for all outlets. They shall be securely attached to the hydrant barrel with a chain constructed of material not less than one-eigth (1/8) inch in diameter. The outlet caps shall have a nut of the same size and shape as the top operating nut which shall be the National Standard pentagon nut, measuring 1-1/2 inches from point to flat. A leather, rubber or lead washer shall be provided in each cap which shall be set in a groove to prevent its falling out when the cap is removed. All caps shall be lubricated with a waterproof graphite grease. The Contractor shall furnish, free of charge, one hydrant operating nut wrench per six hydrants to the Owner per contract. The Contractor shall also furnish one hydrant disassembly wrench per contract including ten (10) hydrants or more. These shall be delivered directly to the Owner by the manufacturer of the hydrant. 2.8 CORPORATION STOPS: Corporation stops shall be Mueller H-15000; Ford F600, or Hays Series 5200, with flare type joint for service pipe and AWWA Standard threaded inlet end. For 1-1/2 inch and 2 inch service, Mueller H-15010, Ford F6125, or Hays Series 5200 with eighth bend coupling. 2.9 CURB STOPS: Curb stops shall be bronze construction, tee head type Muller H-15200; Ford B-22-777; of Hays 5045; without drain suitable for flared copper inlet and outlets. The stop will be threaded on top to accommodate the curb box. 2.10 CURB BOXES: Curb boxes for stops 1-1/4 inch and smaller shall be of the extension type with a stationary rod. The box shall have an inside thread at the base to accomodate the curb stop, and shall have a standard lid which shall bear the words "water valve". -4- The box length shall have an extension to accomodate a flow line of =� approximately seven and one-half (7-1/2) feet at the curb stop. Boxes for Oriseal stops shall be of the type having an Oriseal foot piece and shall have an inside diameter commensurate with the stop size. The Contractor shall furnish, free of charge, two (2) curb stop wrenches per hundred curb stops or one wrench for any number less than 100 curb stops. These wrenches shall be delivered directly to the Omer by the manufacturer of the wrenches. 2011 COPPER TUBING: Copper tubing shall be Type K meeting the following specifications: Federal Specification WW-T-799 ASTM Specification B-99-47 AWWA Specification 75-CR SECTION III. INSPECTION OF MATERIAL: All work under this contract shall be subject to inspection by the Engineer or his representative, but the presence, superintendence or inspection by the Engineer or his representative shall in no way relieve the Contractor of his responsibility for all work under the contract documents. The approval of any material or work at any stage of the construction, will not prevent its subsequent rejection for cause. If found defective at any time within the guarantee period, such material or workmanship must be replaced at the expense of the Contractor. All pipe and accessories shall be tested in place under pressure for defects and leakage in the manner specified, and in the presence of and as approved by the Engineer. All material found during the progress of the work to have cracks, flaws or other defects will be rejected by the Engineer. All such rejected material, furnished by the Contractor shall be promptly removed by him from the site. SECTION IV. RESPONSIBILITY POR MATERIAL: The Contractor shall replace at his own expense all material found defective in manufacture or damaged in storage or handling. This shall include the furnishing of all material and labor required for the replacement of installed material discovered to be defective prior to the final acceptance of the work. -5- The interior of all pipe, fittings and other accessories shall be kept free from dirt and foreign matter at all times. Valves and hydrants shall be drained and stored in a manner that will protect them from damage from freezing or other means. SECTION V. HANDLING OF MATERIALS: Cast iron pipe, fittings, valves, hydrants and accessories shall be handled by lifting with hoists or skidding so as to avoid shock or damage. Under no circumstances shall such materials be dropped. Pipe handled on skidways shall not be skidded or rolled against pipe already on the ground. Pipe shall be so handled that the coating and lining will not be damaged. If, however, any part of the coating or lining is damaged, the repair shall be made by the Contractor at his own expense in a manner satisfactory to the Engineer. SECTION VI. CONSTRUCTION STAKES, ALIGNMENT AND GRADE: The Engineer will stake out the water line and establish the grades. The Contractor shall move any material, equipment or obstruction which may be on the line of stakes. Should grades be required the Engineer will furnish the Contractor with a copy of the cut sheet and from the cuts shown he shall establish the required batter boards. Batter boards, if required, shall be set so that three (3) batter boards shall always be set up so that the line and grade can be checked. The trench shall be excavated to the required depth shaping the bed to the lower 1/3 of the pipe. Bell holes shall be dug to allow ample room for working fully around each joint. The excavation shall provide a uniform and continous bearing and support for the pipe. The watermian shall be laid and maintained to the required lines and grades with fittings, valves, hydrants and services at the required locations, spigots centered in bells, and all valves and hydrant stems plumb. SECTION VII. UNDERGROUND INTERFERENCE: It shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to acquaint himself with the location of all underground utilities and structures, also all existing surface structures located along the established lines shown on the plans which may be affected by work under the Contract, The Contractor's responsibility shall apply to all property public or private. The location of any underground structures furnished, shown on the plans or given on the site are based upon the available records but are not guaranteed to be complete or correct, and are given only to assist the Contractor in making a determination of the location of all underground structures. --6-- AF The Contractor shall provide for the continuance of the flow of any sewers, drains, water pipes, gas pipes and water courses and the like. Where such facilities or water courses, telephone and electric conduits are inter- ferred with by the work of the Contractor, the interruption shall be a minimum. The Contractor shall make proper arrangements for interrupting service and give advance notice and warning of the interruption to the parties affected and concerned. In general such facilities encountered shall be maintained in place and if dis- turbed or damaged shall be immediately repaired. Where services cross the trench they shall be maintained in line and grade by being wired to a 4" x 4" or larger timber extending two (2) feet outside the edge of the trench or firm bearing. The timber shall remain permanently in place. The Contractor shall restore all facilities interferred with to their original. condition or acceptable equivalent. The repairs and replacements shall be made without delay so as to cause a minimum of inconvenience to the property affected. The cost of such restoration or damage caused directly or indirectly by his work shall be paid for by the Contractor and shall be included in the price bid for the watermain, complete, in place. SECTION VIII. INTERRUPTION OF SERVICE: No valve or other control on the existing system shall be operated for any purpose by the Contractor without approval of the Engineer or the agency in control of the water system. The Contractor shall notify all consumers affected by such interruption of water service. SECTION IX. EXCAVATION: The Contractor shall proceed with caution in the excavation and preparation of the trench so that the exact location of underground structures in the trench zone, both known and unknown, may be determined before being damaged. He shall be held responsible for the repair or replacement of such structures when broken or otherwise damaged (Because of carelessness on his part) . The Contractor shall protect existing structures from damage caused by the prosecution of his work and shall at once make good any damage so caused. Watermains shall be laid in open trenches except as otherwise specified or shown. The depth of the trenches shall be such that a minimum of 7'0" of earth covering is obtained above the pipe unless a different depth of cover is shown on theplans which will govern. The minimum width of trench for watermain shall be 30 inches and the following table shows maximum trench widths one foot above the top of the pipe for various size mains. This table is based on average conditions with fairly stable soil and for depths of trench varying from about 6 feet to 12 feet. -7- Maximum Trench Widths At Top Of Pipe Pipe Dia, (Inches) 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Maximum in Earth 36 36 36 36 36 42 42 42 The sides of trenches shall be closely vertical in the pipe zone and shall be sheet piled and brace where soil is of unstable nature. The trench shall be excavated to the required depth shaping the bed to the lower 1/3 of the pipe. Bell holes shall be dug to allow ample room for working fully around each joint. The excavation shall provide a uniform and continous bearing and support for the pipe. 9.1 EXCAVATION BELOW GRADE: If clay or rock conditions are encountered at subgrade making subgrade excavation and refilling necessary the following shall apply when ordered by the Engineer. The trench shall be excavated to at least 6 inches below the specified grade. Before the pipe is laid, the subgrade shall be made by backfillin with granular material in 3 inch uncompacted layers. The layers shall be thoroughly tamped as directed by the Engineer so as to provide a uniform and continous bearing and support for the pipe at every point between bell holes. The finished subgrade shall be prepared accurately by means of hand tools. The Contractor shall be allowed extra compensation for additonal work required above as provided for in the proposal for soil excavation and granular fill subgrade correction. Any part of the trench excavated below grade through faulty workmanship shall be corrected with approved material, and thoroughly compacted without additional compensation to the Contractor. 9.2 EXCAVATION IN POOR SOIL: Where the bottom of the trench at subgrade is found to be unstable or to include ashes, cinders, all types of refuse, vegetable or other organic material, or large pieces or fragments of inorganic material which in the judgment of the Engineer should be removed, the Contractor shall excavate and remove such unsuitable material to the width and depth ordered by the Engineer. Before the pipe is laid the subgrade shall be made by backfilling with an approved material in 6 inch compacted layers. The layers shall be thoroughly tamped as directed by the Engineer so as to provide a uniform and continous bearing and support for the pipe at every point between bell holes. The finished subgrade shall be prepared accurately by means of hand tools. The Contractor will be allowed extra compensation for the additional work, as provided for in the proposal for granular fill subgrade correction. 9.3 SHEETING AND BRACING: Sheeting of trenches will be required where necessary to comply with the State Industrial Commission's regulations, or where necessary to protect nearby structures and property. The cost of sheeting shall be figured in with the unit per foot price and shall not be paid for as an extra, unless so authorized by the Engineer and Owner, or specified and shown as a bid item. 9.4 PILING EXCAVATED MATERIAL: All excavated material shall be piled in a manner that will not endanger the work and that will avoid obstructing sidewalks and driveways. Hydrants under pressure, valve pit covers, valve boxes, curb stop boxes or other utility controls shall be left unobstructed and accessible until the work is completed. Gutters shall be kept clear or other satisfactory provisions made for street drainage, and natural water courses shall not be obstructed. When and as directed by the Engineer all materials shall be piled on one side of the trench to facilitate traffic on highways and heavy traffic streets. SECTION X. LAYING MATERIAL: 10.1 HANDLING: Proper implements, tools and facilities satisfactory to the Engineer shall be provided and used by the Contractor for the safe and convenient prosecution of the work. All pipe, fittings, valves and hydrants shall be carefully lowered into the trench by means of a derrick, ropes or other suitable tools or equipment, in such a manner as to prevent damage to watermain materials and protective coating and linings. Under no circumstance shall watermain materials be dropped or dumped into the trench. 10.2 HAMMER TEST: The pipe and fittings shall be inspected for defects and, while suspended above grade, be rung with a light hammer to detect cracks. - 9- 10.3 CLEANING: All lumps, blisters and excess coal -tar coating shall be removed from the bell -and -spigot end of each pipe, and the outside of the spigot and the inside of the bell shall be wire -brushed and wiped clean and dry and free from oil and grease before the pipe is laid. In case of slip on joints, proper lubricant shall be placed on the gasket and the pipe spigot fully pushed into the bell. 10.4 LAYING: Every precaution shall be taken to prevent foreign material from entering the pipe while it is being placed in the line. During laying operations, no debris, tools, clothing or other material shall be placed in the pipe. The pipe shall be laid to even and continous lines as nearly as practicable without sharp changes of grade. 10.5 JOINTING: After placing a length of pipe in the trench, the spigot end shall be centered in the bell and the pipe forced home and brought to correct line and grade. The pipe shall be secured in place with approved backfill material tamped under it except at the bells. Pipe and fittings which do not allow a sufficient and uniform space for joints shall be removed and replaced with pipe and fittings of proper dimensions to insure such uniform space. Precautions shall be taken to prevent dirt from entering the joint space. At times when pipe laying is not in progress, the open ends of the pipe shall be closed by a water tight plug or other means approved by the Engineer. If water is in the trench, the seal shall remain in place until the trench is pumped completely dry. 10.6 CUTTING PIPE: The cutting of pipe for inserting valves, fittings or closure pieces shall be done in a neat and workman like manner without damage to the pipe or cement lining and so as to leave a smooth end at right angles to the axis of the pipe. Field cut spigot ends of push -on joints shall be beveled prior to being pushed into the bell. SECTION XI. SETTING VALVES AND FITTINGS: Valves, fittings, plugs and caps shall be set and jointed to the I pipe in the manner heretofore specified for cleaning, laying and jointing pipe. The valve box shall not transmit shock or stress to the valve. It shall be set centered and plumb over the wrench nut of the valve with the box cover flush with the surface of the finished grade or such other level as directed or shown on the plans. The Contractor shall brace the fittings by means of timbers, not I smaller than 4 x 4, and a 4 x 4 timber not less than two (2) feet long -10- placed vertically against the back or side of the trench, whichever is applicable or with concrete thrust blocks as described in Section 12.3.1. Such backing shall be made to withstand a line pressure of 150 p.s.i. SECTION XII. SETTING HYDRANTS: All hydrants shall stand plumb and shall have their nozzles parallel with or at right angles to the street centerline, with the pumper nozzle facing the street. Hydrants shall be installed where shown on the plans and specifications or as directed by the Engineer. There shall be seven and one-half (7-1/2) feet from the top of the connecting pipe to the finish grade and taro- (2) feet from the finish grade line to the center of the outlet nozzles. Each hydrant shall be set on a stone or cement slab at least eight (8) inches by sixteen (16) inches and four (4) inches thick. In the installation of a hydrant, care must be taken to prevent future settlement. 12.1 HYDRANT CONNECTION TO MAIN: The hydrant lead connecting the hydrant to the main shall be 6" for all hydrants on 6" mains or larger, unless otherwise specified. A 6" gate valve shall be installed in the line between the hydrant and the main except as directed. The gate valve shall be furnished and installed complete with valve box for the cover shown on the plans. 12.2 HYDRANT DRAINAGE: Wherever a hydrant is set in soil that is pervious, drainage shall be provided at the base of the hydrant by placing course gravel or crushed stone mixed with coarse sand, from the bottom of the trench to at least 6" above the waste opening in the hydrant and to a distance of l' around the elbow. No drainage system shall be connected to a sewer. Wherever a hydrant is set in clay or other impervious soil, a drainage pit, 2' in diameter and 3' deep shall be excavated below each hydrant and filled compactly with coarse gravel or crushed stone mixed with coarse sand, under and around the elbow of the hydrant and to a level of 6" above the waste opening. No drainage pit shall be connected to a sewer. A double layer of heavy felt paper shall be used to cover the gravel before backfilling. -11- 12.3 ANCHORAGE: The bowl of each hydrant shall be well braced against unexcavated earth at the end of the trench with stone slabs or concrete backing, or it shall be tied to the pipe with suitable metal tie rods or clamps, as shown or directed by the Engineer. 12.3.1 Concrete backing or thrust blocks. Concrete thrust blocks shall be of 3,000 p.s*41. concrete and shall be formed using wood forms on the sides and against undisturbed earth. Care shall be taken not to cover up joints, bolts and fittings. All poured thrust backing shall be approved by the Inspector or Engineer immediately prior to pouring. SECTION XIII. INSTALLATION OF SERVICES: Services shall be tapped into the main at locations shown on the plans or as directed by the Engineer. Corporation cocks shall be installed in such a manner that the copper tubing will not project above the top of the main line. The copper tubing shall be laid flat up to the property line where the curb box,is installed. Where existing finished grade would not match the grade of the top of the curb box, any necessary adjustment in the copper tubing grade should be made between the curb line and the property line so that adequate cover will be maintained in the street. In new platting, where lots are ungraded, the copper will be laid flat unless directed otherwise by the Engineer. The curb box will be located at the property line unless stated otherwise. The Contractor will place a wooden 2" x 2" at the end of each service next to the curb box. This marker shall extend from the top of the curb stop to one (1) foot above the ground surface regardless of whether the curb box has been installed or not. The cost of these markers shall be considered as incidental to the work and will be included in the cost of the project. SECTION XIV. TESTING AND INSPECTION: Upon completion of the installation of the water mains, test shall be made to determine the electrical conductivity and the amount of leakage in the system. The tests shall be made after all hydrants, copper service lines, curb stops, and corporations have been installed on the line to be tested. The maximum length of trench that can be left open shall be two days laying or approximately 1,500 feet. Where the test cannot be made, to conform with the above conditions, the trench -will be backfilled and the line tested at a later date. Any expense incurred to remedy any defects found during the final testing will be paid for by the Contractor. The line shall be retested if any replacements or corrections have been made. All tests shall be made in the presence of the Engineer or the Inspector and the Engineer shall certify the successful completion of the tests. -12- 14.1 PRESSURE TEST: After the pipe has been laid and partially backfilled to one foot over the pipe leaving the joints uncovered for testing, all newly laid pipe or any valved section thereof shall be subjected to a hydrostatic pressure of 150 lbs. per square inch. The duration of each pressure test shall be at least one hour. Each valve section of pipe shall be slowly filled with water and the specified test pressure, based on the elevation of the lowest point of the line or section under test and corrected to the elevation of the test gauge, shall be applied by means of a pump connected to the pipe in a manner satisfactory to the Engineer. The pump, pipe connection and all necessary apparatus and gauges shall be furnished by the Contractor. The Contractor shall make all taps into the pipe and furnish all necessary assistance for conducting the tests. Before applying the specified test pressure, all air shall be expelled from the pipe. If hydrants or blowoffs are not available at high places, the Contractor shall make the necessary taps at points of highest elevation before the test is made and insert the plugs after the test has been completed. All exposed pipes, fittings, valves, hydrants and joint will be carefully examined during the open -trench tests. All corporation cocks and hydrant auxiliary valves will be open for the test. Any cracked or defective pipes, fittings, valves or hydrants discovered in consequence of this pressure test shall be removed and replaced by the Contractor with sound material. The test shall be repeated until satisfactory to the Engineer. 14.2 LEAKAGE TEST: The leakage test shall consist of measuring the quantity of water pumped into the line to maintain a pressure of 150 psi at the lowest hydrant over a test period of two hours. The permissible rate of leakage under this test shall be determined by the following formula: ND —P L=3700 Where: L = Allowable leakage, gallons per hour N = Number of joints in the length of pipeline D = Nominal diameter of pipe, inches P = Test Pressure, psi gauge If any test of pipelaid discloses leakage greater than that specified above, the Contractor shall at his own expense locate and repair the defects and retest until the leakage is within the specified allowance. -13- .3 ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY: The Contractor shall by an suitable method approved by the Engineer prove the electrical conductivity of the pipe line installed. The test shall be run after the trench has been backfilled. CTION XV. BACKFILLING: .1 BACKFILLING AT THE PIPE ZONE: From the bottom of the trench to 1 foot above the top of the pipe, ' acceptable backfill with mixtures of gravel not exceeding 1/2 inch in size shall be backfilled by hand with hand tamping or approved mechanical methods, spread in 3 inch layers. Care shall be taken to deposit the material simultaneously on both sides of the pipe for the full width of the trench. The backfilling at the pipe. zone shall continue to a height of 12" above the top of the pipe. This backfill shall be well compacted by using a mechanical tamping equipment in such manner so as not to damage the pipe, pipe joints or shift the pipe alignment. The Contractor may not use water to obtain compaction at the pipe zone. .2 BACKFILLING TO GRADE: The backfill material from one (1) foot above the pipe to the street grade shall consist of sand, gravel or an approved excavated material. The backfill shall be placed in lifts of a depth suitable to the material encountered and compacted by the ordinary compaction method in a manner as approved by the Engineer to a density substantially equivalent to that existing in the adjacent soils. In the event that material excavated from the trench is not suitable for this type of backfill the Contractor shall be ordered by the Engineer to haul in suitable material. Payment for hauling in the material will be paid for in accordance with the price bid in the proposal. No additional payment will be made for placing or compaction of this material in the trench. ;CTION XVI. DISINFECTING LINES: On completion of the work, all piping and equipment shall be disinfected. Disinfection shall be carried ott in an approved manner, as set forth by the AWWA Standard C601 or its latest revision entitled "AWWA Standard for Disinfecting Water Line" or as directed by the Engineer. Prior to chlorination, the main shall be flushed as thoroughly as possible with the water pressure and outlets available. Flushing shall be done after the pressure test is made. If no hydrant is -14- LIL6; 0 installed at the end of the main, a tap should be provided large enough to affect a velocity in the main at least 2.5 fps. Flushing at outlets shall be continued until the comparison samples show no further improvement in color and turbidity. 16.1 CHLORINATION: Before being placed in service, all new water distribution systems and repaired portions of, or extensions to, existing systems shall be chlorinated. The holding time in the mains shall be not less than 24 hours or longer if directed by the Engineer. The preferred point of application of the chlorinating agent shall be at the beginning of the pipeline extension or any valved section of it and through a corporation stop inserted by the Contractor in the top of the newly laid pipe. The water injector for delivering the chlorine -bearing water into the pipe should be supplied from a tap on the pressure side of the gate valve controlling the flow into the pipeline extension. Water from the existing distribution system or other scources of supply shall be controlled as to flow slowly into the newly laid pipeline during the application of chlorine. The rate of chlorine mixture flow shall be in such proportion to furnish a resultant solution of 50 to 100 parts per million of available chlorine. The chlorinated water shall remain in the pipe line at least 24 hours. After the water has remained in the mains for the required length of time, a chlorine residual at representative points should show at least 5.0 parts per million. In the process of chlorinating newly laid pipe, all valves hydrants, sub ends, and other appurtenances shall be operated while the pipeline is filled with the chlorine agent, and the chlorine residual determined by test. 16.2 FLUSHING: Following chlorination, all treated water shall be thoroughly flushed from the newly laid pipeline at its extremities until the replacement water throughout its length shall, upon test, be proved comparable to the quality of water served the public from one existing water supply system, and shows a residual chlorine content not to exceed 0.5 parts per million. SECTION XVII. CLEANUP: All surplus watermain materials furnished by the Contractor and all tools and temporary structures shall be removed from the site by the Contractor. All dirt, rubbish and excess earth from the excavation shall be hauled to a dump provided by the Contracotr and the construction site left clean to the satisfaction of the -15- Engineer. SECTION XVIII. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT: 18.1 CAST IRON PIPE IN PLACE: Cast iron pipe will be paid for at the contract price per linear foot, which shall include the cost of furnishing all pipe, rubber gaskets, joints, and other material and of delivering, handling, laying, trenching, and backfilling, testing, disinfecting and shop inspection when required, and all materiel or work necessary to install the pipe complete in place at the depth specified. The length of cast iron pipe for which payment is made shall be the actual overall length measured along the axis of the pipe without regard to intervening valves or specials. Length of branches will be measured from the centers of connecting pipes to centers of valves or hydrants. All lengths will be measured in a horizontal plane unless the grade above the pipe is more than 15%.. 18.2 CAST IRON FITTINGS: Cast iron fittings will be paid for at the contract price per pound installed, said weights to be based on body casting weights categorized below: _pounds of fittings 12" and under pounds of fittings 14" and 24" inclusive -pounds of fittings 30" and over The cost of glands, bolts and gaskets shall be incidental to fittings costs. The determining factor as to the proper category assignment is the size of the largest opening in the fitting. 18.3 HYDRANTS, Hydrants will be paid for at the contract unit price per hydrant installed complete with gravel, concrete base, and bracing, but does not include any auxiliary hydrant valve which shall be paid for under another item of these specifications, when said auxiliary valve is required. 18.4 GATE VALVES AND BORES: Gate valves and boxes including extensions will be paid for at the contract unit price per valve and box installed. -16- 18.5 COPPER TUBING: Copper tubing will be a bid item. The measurement and payment will be on a per foot basis for each size. The unit price will be for furnishing and installing said item. 18.6 CORPORATION STOPS: Corporation stops will be a bid item. Payment will be on a per each basis for each size. The unit price will be for furnishing and installing the corporation stop. 18.7 CURB STOP AND BOX: Curb stop and box will be a bid item. Payment will be on a per each basis for each size. The unit price will be for furnishing and installing the curb stop and box. 18.8 CUTTING INTO EXISTING MAINS: Unless otherwise stated, cut -ins to existing mains will be paid for on the basis of each cut -in, and the unit price will include all fittings, materials, equipment, and labor necessary to make said installation. 18.9 ROCK EXCAVATION: Rock excavation will be measured and paid for based on cubic yards of rock excavated (trench measure). . 18.10 SUBGRADE CORRECTION: Granular backfill for subgrade correction shall be measured by truck box volume strike off measurement. Payment will be per cubic yard of material used and shall be payment in full for subgrade excavation, except rock excavation which is paid for separate, material supplying and all work necessary to install the subgrade correction material in accordance with these specifications. 18.11 BACKFILL MATERIAL: Select backfill material, when required by the Engineer, will be measured by truck box volume strike off measurement. Payment will be per cubic yard of material used and shall be payment in full for supplying of all material, labor and all else necessary to the placing of the select backfill and the disposal of material it replaces. -17- TECHNICAL PROITISIONS FOR STOW f9_V1ER SECTION I. SCOPE OF PROJECT: The contractor shall furnish all labor, equipment, tools and material needed to complete the work under this contract in a workmanlike manner. He shall furnish and distribute all materials needed; excavate trenches and foundations; handle all drainage and ground water; lay; joint; and test the pipe; build manholes; and inlets; lay connections and reconnections; backfill and con- solidate the trenches as specified; clean up the site of the work,* and do any other work either expressed or implied for the satis- factory completion of the contract. SECTION II. MATERIALS: All the materials required for the complete construction of the specified work shall be furnished by the Contractor unless otiaor;_�Tise stated in the SPECIAL CONDITIONS, All materials shall be new-, of first grade, and shall be products of reputable manufacturers known to the trade. 2.1 STOP0 SEWER PIPE: 2.1.1 Reinforced concrete sewer pipe (RCP) : All re- irfo)..ced concrete sewer pipe shall conf orm .o the requirements of the Standard Specifications for Re- inforced Concrete Pipe, A.S..T.M. Designatiun C-76 and subsequent revision. The class of pipe shell be that shorn on the plans and in the proposal. 2.1. 2 Corrugated Metal Pipe ( Chin) : All galvanized corrugated metal pipe shall conform to the, require, ments of American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHO) 1136 for the type speci.fiod in the SPECIAL CONDITIONS. The nominal sheet thickness for each sire of pipe shall be as shown on the plans. This sheet thickness shall be in :conformance with the "Specified Thickness" as given in Table L of AASHO 1,1218. Any special coatings or paving required will be detailed in the SPECIAL CONDITIONS. 2.2 JOINT MATERIAL: 2.1.1 Reinforced concrete pipe: Concrete pipe shall be jointed with an approved type of rubber gasket conforming with A.S.T.M. designation C361 and its 1. latest revisions unless modified by the SPECIAL CONDITIONS. The gasket whall be a continuous rubber ring with smooth surfaces free from all imperfections which fits snugly in the. annular space between the beveled surfaces of the tongue and the groove ends of the pipes to form a flexible watertight seal under all conditions of service. 2.2.2 Corrugated Metal Pipe: Galvanized corrugated metal pipe shall be joined with one or two piece corrugated coupling bands. These bands shall be of the same gauge as the pipe and shall conform to the requirements of AASHB M36. 2.3 MANHOLES AND CATCH BASIN'S: 2.3.1 Pre -cast concrete: Pre -cast concrete man- holes shall conform with the requirements of A.S.T.M. specifications C-47$: Unless otherwise stated in the plans or SPECIAL CONDITIONS, -the internal diameter shall be four feet. The upper section, or neck of the manhole, shall be a special pre -cast cone made expressly for this purpose. 2.3.2 Pre -cast segmental block: Concrete used in the manufacture of these blocks shall conform with the requirements of A.S.T.M. "Specifications for Concrete and 141asonry Units for Construction of Catch Basins and Manholesly, , Designation C--139. The blocks shallibe radial blocks. Wall thickness and manhole diameters shall be as stated in the SPECIAL CONDI1^IONS, or as shown in the plans. 2.3.3 Concrete materials: Concrete for monolithic concrete manholes and all manhole and catch basin bases whall consist of Standard Portland Cement Type I, clean washed sand and crushed rock and gravel free from deleterious materials. Portland Cement shall conform to A.S.T.M. Specifications, Portland Cement Type I, Standard Serial Designation C -150. Gradations shall be subject to approval of the Engineer. The minimum design strength of the concrete mixture shall. be 3000 psi. 2.3.4 Mortar Materials: Mortar used for laying up concrete block or brick manholes and catch basins used for plastering up interior of manholes and catch basins shall consist of Standard Portland Cement Type I, hydrated lime and clean, sharp, well -graded sand, free from deleterious materials. Portland Cement shall 2. conform to A.S.T.M. specifications, Portland Cement Type I, Standard Serial Designation C--150-67. Lime shall conform to specifications for normal finishing hydrated lime, A. S .T. M. Serial Designation C 207-49. Gradations shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer. 2.3.5 Castings: Cast iron manhole covers and catch basins shall be made of gray iron conforming to A.S. T.M. designation A-48 for Class 30 iron. The frame shall be a heavy duty casting of the type designated in the plans, SPECIAL CONDITIONS or detail plates. The lid and Frame shall have machined bearing sur- faces so that they will not rock or rattle under traffic. 2.3.6 Steps: Manhole steps will be made of aluminum alloy as approved by the Engineer. Aluminum alloy steps shall be North Star Concrete Aluminum Manhole Step #12-A or equal. SECTION ITT. INSPECTION OF 11UTERIALS : All materials. furnished ished by the Contractor are subject at the discretion of the Engineer to inspection, and approval at the plant of the m�:nufacturer. During the process of unloading, all pipe and accessories shall be inspected by the Contractor for loss or damage in transit. No shipment of material shall be accepted by thec Contractor until or unless rotation of any lost or damaged material shall have been trade on the bill of lading by the ageat or the carrier. All pipe and accessories shall be laid, jointed, tested for defects and for infiltration in the manner herein sp cif_ied as directed by the Engineer and subject to his approval. All material found during the progress of the worie to have cracks, flaws, or other defects will be rejected by the Engineer, and the Contractor shall promptly remove from the site of the work such defective material. SECTION TV. CONTRACTOR'S RESPONSIBILITY POR MATERIAL: 4:l RESPONSIBILITY FOR MATERIAL FURNISHED BY CONTRACTOR: The Contractor shall be responsible for all material furnished by him and he shall replace at his own expense all such material that is found to be defective in manufacture or that has become damaged in handling after delivery by the manufacturer. 4..2 RESPONSIBILITY FOR MATERIAL FURNISHED BY OVMER: The Contractoes responsibility for material furnished by the Owner shall begin at the point of delivery by 3'. 4.3 4.4 4.5 SECTION V. the manufacturer, or Owner and upon acceptance of the material furnished by the Owner at the time and place of delivery, and shall reject all defective Taterial. Any defective material furnished by the Owner and not rejected by the Contractor, and dis- covered prior to final acceptance of the work, will be replaced with sound material by the Owner and the Owner will furnish such additional material and supplies as may be necessary to inttall such material; the Contractor, however, shall remove the defective material and install the replaced material at his own expense, furnishing all the lahor and facilities necessary to complete the work to the satisfaction of the Engineer. REPLACEMENT OF DAMAGED MATERIAL. - Any material furnished by the Owner that becomes damaged after acceptance by the Contractor, shall be replaced by the Contractor at his own expense. RESPONSIBILITY FOR SAFE STORAGE: The Contractor shall be responsible for the safe storage of material furnished by or to him, and accepted by him, and intended for the work, until it has been incorporated in the completed project. HANDLING PIPE AND ACCESSORIES: Pipe and other accessories shall, directed be unloaded at the point to and distributed at the site of the Contractor. They shall at all with care to avoid damage. CONSTRUCTION STARES: unless otherwise of delivery, hauled the project by times be handled The Engineer will stake out -the sewer line and establish the grades. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to protect these stakes, and any replacement of stakes shall be at the ex- pense of the Contractor. The Contractor shall move any material equipment or obstruction which may be on the line of stakes. The Contractor will be furnished a copy of the Engineer's cut sheet and from the cuts shown he shall establish his batter boards. There shall at all times be three (3) batter boards set up so that.the sewer grade and line can be checked. In case of apparent error disclosed by this visual check, the setting of the boards should be checked and, if the variation still exists, the Engineer should be notified immediately so that the offset stakes can be checked. 4. SECTI01r V-C. ALIGN14ENT AND GRIME: All pipe shall be laid and maintained to the required lines and grades, with manholes, catch basins and special structures at the locations shown. All underground and surface utility, structures shall be located and given temporary support by this Contractor. lie shall furnish and place adequate sup- porting remembers as directed by the Engineer, such location and supporting to be at his expense. Wherever existing utility structures or branch connections leading to main sewers or ruin drains, or other conduits, ducts, pipes or structures, present obstructions to the grade and align merit of the pipe:, they shall be permanently supported, removed, relocated or reconstructed by the Contractor through cooperation with the Otmer of the utility, structure or obstruction involved In instances where such relocation or reconstruction is impract-- icable the Engineer reserves the right to order a change in lane and grade. Such a change will be made; in the manner directed b—u the Engineer with extra compensation allowed as set forth in the General Conditions or as set forth in the change order. No deviation shall be made from the required line or grade except with the written consent of the Engineer. SECTION V.I.I. EXCAVATIOR: Sewers shall be laid in open trenches, except as otherwise shovm or specified. Trenches shall be excavated to the designated lines and grades, beginning at the outlet end and progresssing toward the upper and in each case. Bottoms of trenches shall be fitted to the lower 1/3 of the pipe ( overall die-Tneter) . Holes shall be dug at bells to give ample room for caulking and sealing each joint. Wherever a trench is excavated below the proper level, it shall be backf ill.ed to the designated grade with approved material which shall be tamped into place to prevent settlement and shaped to the bottom 1/3 of the pipe. Where rock occurs in the bottom of the trench, it shall be excavated below the bottom of the sewer sufficiently to permit of at least 6'I depth of suitable earth or sand -fill which shall be tamped and formed to fit the pipe as hereinbefore described. Wherever thu ground does not, in the opinion of the Engineer, afford sufficiently reliable foundation, the trench shall be ex- cavated to such additional depth as the Engineer may require and then be brought up to the required grade and form with crushed rock or gravel fill or concrete as may be directed by the Engineer. 5• Such foundation work, when ordered in writing, will be paid for as extra work. Trenches shall be of minimum width to provide ample working space for making joints and tamping backfill. The maximum width of the excavation at the top of the pipe shall be the outside diameter of the pipe plus 16 inches for all pipe up to and including the 33 inch size. Pipe of 33 inch size and larger shall have a maximum trench width at the top of the pipe equal to the outside diameter plus 24 inches. If the Contractor chooses to excavate to widths grdater than the one -above, he must get the approval of the Engineer and supply pipe with adequate strength to support the increased pipe loading. The material excavated and that to be used in the work shall be, laid compactly at the side of the trench and kept trimmed so as to obstruct the site as little as gassible. During the progress of the work, the excavation shall be kept clear of water so far as pradUcable and bell holes shall be free from water while joints are being made. The Contractor shall provide all power, pumps and apparatus necessary for the rapid execution of the work. Blasting for excavation may not proceed until the Engineer has been notified by the Contractor of the necessity to do so. The Contractor shall assume all responsibility for the hazards and liabilities contingent on blasting operations. All damage caused by blasting operations of this Contractor shall be repaired promptly by him at his expense. The procedure and method of blasting operations shall conform in every way with the ordinances of the village or city. All explosives on the project shall be stored in accordance with state and the local government laws governing explosives and their uses. When traffic cannot be diverted, it will be permitted to use the high.Nray at all times The Contractor shall at his own expense, erect and maintain warning signs and a warning barricade at each end of the construction operations. The Contractor shall, at his own expense, place and maintain not less than t.,ro battery operated flasher type warning lights at each end of these barricades. At all dangerous sections, by-passes, and intercepting roads, the Contractor shall at his own expense firnish, erect and maintain such warning barricades as are necessary and required by the Engineer, and he shall place -and maintain -not less than two battery operated flasher type warning lights at each end of these barricades. It shall be the Contractor's responsibility to make a check and inspection of all lights and barricades every four hours, including Sundays and holidays. He shall maintain the streets in a passable conditions, shall conduct his work so as to create a minimum amount of inconvenience to traffic, and shalt furnish not less than two flagmen at each location where loading or depositing of material requires the turning of the trucks on any state highway or "main street" and 1-rhere the operation of the construction equipment endangers traffic. Temporary suspension of work does not relieve the Contractor of the responsibility outlined in the above requiremgnts. The Contractor shall be responsible for and shall immediately repair all damage to existing sewers, watermains, and house service connections to the same operated by the ©hmer which is caused by the construction work. The Contractor shall notify tele- phone and po Gr companies and others who maintain underground utilities sufficiently in advance of the proposed construction so that they may locate, uncover, and disclose such work. The Contractor shall not be responsible for any damage to utilities unless they have; been properly located. Temporary support, adequate protection and maintenance of all miuiicipal underground and service utility structures, sur- face and subsurface drains, sewers, and other obstructions e i- c.oiLgtered in the progress of the work shall be furnished by the Contcac for at his oi.rn expense e under the di rcetion. of the Engineer. Trees, fences, pales, and all other property shall be pro- tected unless their is authorized, and any property damaged shall be satisfactorily restored by the Contractor, or adequate compensation therefor shall be the responsibility of the Con- tractor. No valve or other control on the existing system shall_ be operated for any purpose by the Copraetor t-rithout approval by the Engineer, and all consumers affected by such operation shall be notified by the Contractor at least an hour before the opera- tion and advised of the probable time when service will be restored. SECTION VIII. SHEETING AND BRACING: The Contractor shall -protect the sides and bottom of the trenches against any instability which may interfere with the proper laying of the sewer and as necessary for the safety of the workmen and others, and as may be necessary; to -protect Adjacent structures. Sheeting and bracing shall be used as necessary for this purpose and the cost of ouch work, whether left in place or not, shall be included in the unit prices for the pipe in place. Where the bottom of the trench is unstable and sheeting is used, it shall extend below the sewer invert. All sheeting below the top of the sewer shall be .left in place and that above the top of the sewer shall be removed during back - filling. SECTION IX. PIPE LAYING: Sewers shall be laid with a full and uniform bearing on the bottom of the trench to the lines and grades required. Rake out the bottom of the trench of sufficient depth and area to bed the hubs and to make the joints: The alignment between manholes shall be such as to Permit the whole inside circumference being seen from any manhole to the next adjacent manhole. Piping that does not conform to line and grade shall be re- laid at the Contractor's expense. Pipe shall be laid against the grade of the sewer or uphill The Spigot end of the pipe shall be inserted into the bell full depth and when completed, each line of pipe shall have a smooth and uniform invert. Sewer pipe shall not be laid in frozen ground or° in water, and no water is to be allowed to r'un through the pipe until the joint has hardened or curvde The joints for storm servers shall be made watertight in accordance vdth .the manufacturers directions. As soon as the joint is.made:, the bell depression shall be filled with sand which shall be pressed under and around the ,joint, by hand, in such a way as to support and protect it from sagging or being disturbed. No backfill shall be placed over any joint until it has been inspected and approved, unless othemiise directed. The interior of the sewer shall, as the work progresses, be cleaned adf all dirt and superfluous materials. The exposed ends of sewers shall be protected with suit- able temporary covers. Pipe laid in place shall be protected from injure and disturbance, and walking and working upon pipe in place shall be prevented. SECTION X. CONSTRUCTION OF MANHOLES AND CATCH BASINS: 10.1 MANHOLES AND CATCH BASINS: All manholes and catch basins are to be built to the dimensions shown in the plans, SPECIAL CONDITIONS, or cut sheet furnished by the Engineer. I The manhole and catch basin footing is to be of Po ured concrete and shall be a minimum of eight (8) inches thick and a diameter of one (1) foot greater than the outside diameter of the man- hole or catch basin. barrel. The lower section of precast manholes may be built of block or brick to a height of six (6) inches above the top of the highest pipe. Precast sections must be mortared togethor to insure watertight joints. All inverts of the manhole or catch basin shall be shaded to the same diameter as the pipe to a depth of one-half (1/2) the internal diameter of the pipe. All invei is are to be of concrete. Where laterals enter the main line, a gradual change in the direction of each lateral shall be introduced within the manhole. 10.2 10.3 SECTION XI. STEPS, RINGS AND CASTINGS: Manhole steps shall be placed in a vertical row every sixteen (16) inches. They shall be firinly i-mbedded in tho brick, -block or precast sections. When steps have been +=:f3r-tared ito t:he precast sect'Lo is before delivery to thy: job, fresh -1:1ortar s;:iall be ula s'Gered over the outside of the step holes- before the section is used. The7:,-e shall be at Ica�st three (3) and a maximuii of mix (6) 2 inch precast adjusting rings used on every catch basin or manhole. The mianhole c J- catch basin frame or ring casting shall be set carefully to grade in full mortar bed. STUBS: Stubs from a manhole shall be laid to the grade shown on the plans. These shall be plugged with a suitable watertight stopper. The stopper will be considered incidental to the job. The length of pipe shall be paid for at the contract bid price. BACKFILLING: 11.1 BACKFILLING AT PIPE ZONE: All sewer pipe laid in an open trench is to be backfilled by hand and hand tamped or mechanically tamped to 18 inches above the t6p of the pipe. 9. The backfill is to be placed and tamped evenly on both sides of the pipe so as not to disturb the grade or line of the pipe. The pipe shall not be walked upon until it has been backfilled to a height even with the top of the pipe. The next 18 inches of backfill material shall be hand placed and hand or mechanically tamped. Material for this part of the backfilling is to be free of rock and frozen material. Where no suitable backfill material is availbale, this part of the backfilling- shall be done with pit run gravel that is free from large rocks. 11.2 BACKFILLING TO GRADE: The backfill material from one (1) foot above the pipe to the street grade shall consist of sand, gravel or an approved excavated material. The backfill shall be placed in lifts of a depth suitable to the materi&l encountered and compacted by the ordinary compaction method ir, a manner as approved by the Engineer to a density substantially equivalent to that existing in the adjacent soils. 11.3 SURFACE RESTORATION: Unless stated:specifically to the contrary in the SPECIAL CONDITIONS, the Contractor shall replace all surface material and shall restore paving, curbing, sidewalks, gutters, fences, sod and other items disturbed, to a condition equal to that before the work began; furnishing all labor, materials and equipment necessary to do this work without addition- al compensation. No permanent: paving shall be placed within thirty (30) days after backfilling is com- pleted, except by order of the Engineer. Traveled streets shall be kept open and maintained by the Contractor after backfilling and before surfacing or final inspection. 11.4 CLEANING UP: Surplus -pipe line material, tools, and temporary structures shall be removed by the Contractor, and all dirt, rubbish, caused by his operations and excess earth from excavations shall be hauled to a dump provided by the Contractor, and the construction sitvr shall be left to the satisfaction of the Engineer. 10. SECTION XII. COLD WEATHER WORK: 12.1 LAYING PIPE: No pipe shall be laid in open cut trench in teriveratures below150 Fahrenheit, without approval of the Engineer. When pipe is to be laid with mortar joint ill ten-peratures between 350 and 2:50 Fahrenheit, the mortar shall be brought to a temperature, by heating ingredients, so that at the time of placement, it shall. have a temperature of not less than 600, and not more than 900 Fahrenheit. .In the event that there is any impairment- of the mortar joints under these conditions the right is reserved to require the Contractor to heat the pipe also, or to discontinue the work. 12.2 CO 3`i RUCTINTGG MANHOLES AND CATCH BASINS: Ado brick or concrete block manholes or catch basins shall be built ill temiperatures iielow 150 Fahrenheit w-i_thout a.pproval.of the Engineer. When manholes and catch basins are built in temperatuy,es between 350 and 150 Fahrenheit, the ingredients of the mortar at the tiin : of placement shall have a temip- erature of not less than 600 Fahrenheit. in. the event there is any impairntlent of the irlo•rtar vxZder these conditions thEl _right is reserved to require the Contractor to heat the brick or concrete blocks, or to take such other precautions as the? . En.gi neer may direct, or require discontinuance of the work. 12.3 C014CRETE 7,101-:ar : No concrete shall be poured where the air temperature is lower than 400 Fahrenheit, and where the concrete cannot be covered ox° px°otected from the surrounding air. The ingredients of the concrete shall be heated so that the toniperature of the mixture shall not be less than 500 nor more than 1000 Fahrenheit. Before mixing, the heated aggregates shall not exceed 1250 Fahrenheit and the temperature of the heated water shall not exceed 1750 Fahrenheit. Cement shall not be added while the temperature of the mixed aggregates and water is greater than 1000 Fahrenheit. When there is likelihood of freezing during the curing period, the concrete shall be 11. protected by means of an insulating oovering to prevent freezing of the concrete until $00 of the strength for which the concrete was designed has been attained. SECTION XIII. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT: All items which are.not definitely covered by this section will be paid for according to the contract unit price. All items will be considered as the price per unit installed, unless otherwise stated in the SPECIAL CONDITIONS. 13.1 SEATER PIPE: All measurements of sewer pipe length shall be from center of manhole to center of manhole fitting, along the center of -said swwer pipe for each diameter and type of pipe. Measurement of depth (vertical) shall be made from the flow line of the sewer pipe and shall be in some classifications as follows: From: 0 feet to 8 feet From.. 14 feet to 16 feet From: 8 feet to 10 feet From: 16 feet to 18 feet From= 10 feet to 12 "feet etc, in 2 foot intervals From: 12 feet to 14 feet Payment will be by lineal. .feet in place to include the cost of furnishing all pipe, joint materials, gaskets and other material, and of delivering handling, laying, trenching, backfilling, testing and all equipment or work necessary to install the pipe complete in place at the depth specified ready to use. This payment shall be to the nearest foot. 13.2 MANHOLES: Manhdles shall be measured from the lowest pipe invert to the top of the casting. The payment of a manhole shall be at the unit price per each for funishing and installing a complete manhole of heights not exceeding eight (8) feet. If the measured depth is over eight (8) feet, an additional payment shall be made for each foot that is in excess of eight (8) feet. This measurement and pay- ment shall be to the nearest 1/10 of a foot. The unit price per manhole shall include the manhole rings, covers and steps in place. 12. 13.3 CATCH BASINS: Catch basins shall be measured by the unit; and shall be paid for on a per each basis. The unit price per catch basin shall include adjusting rings, castings, steps if required and all labor and materials complete in place. 13.4 F LA RED END SECTION: Flared end sections shall be measured as a unit and shall be paid for on a per each basis. The unit price per flared end section shall include trash guard and pipe ties i-,There specified and all labor and materials complete in place. 13.5 ROCK EXCAVATION: Rock excavation will be measured and paid for based on cubic y,.a.rds of rock excavated (trench measure). 13.6 SUBGRADE CORRECTION: Granular backfill for subgrade correction shall be measured by truer, box volur.e strike off measurement F3.y,ment will be per cubic yard of material used and shall be payiiient in full for subgrade cxcavatio):t, except rock excavation t=,h.ich is paid for separately, material supplying and all work r ecessaaRy to install the subgrade correction material in accordance with these specifications. 13.7 BACKFILL 1,1A ERIA L : Select backfill material, when required by the Engineer, will be measured by truck box volume strike off measurement. Payment will be per cubic yard of material used and shall be payment in full for the supplying of all material., labor and all else necessary to the placing of the select backfill and the disposal of material it replaced. 13.8 RIPRAP: Ripraps of each type and class will be measured by in -place volume of material based on the surface dimensions staked and the specified thickness. Payment shall be by cubic yards of each type and class so installed complete.in place. 13. SECTION XIV. GUARATT'EES The Contractor shall be held responsible for any and all defects in workmanship and materials which may be developed in any part of the entire installation furnished by him other than streeb surfaces, and upon written notice from the Engineer, shall immediately replace and make good without expense, to the lBwner any such faulty part or parts and damage done by reason of same, during the period of one year from the date of final acceptance of the installation.. Should the Contractor fail to make good the defective parts within a period of thirty (30) days of such notification, after written notice has been given to him, the Owner may replace these parts, chargibng the expense of same to the Contractor. 14. GENERAL CONDITIONS SECTION 1. DEFINITIONS Wherever used in these General Conditions or in the other Contract Documents, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated which shall be applicable to both the singular and plural thereof: Agreement - The written agreement between the OWNER and the CONTRACTOR covering the Work to be performed, including the CONTRACTOR's Bid and the Bonds. Payment Document - The form furnished by the ENGINEER which is to be used by the CONTRACTOR in requesting progress' payments. Bid - The offer or proposal of the Bidder submitted on the prescribed form setting forth the prices for the Work to be performed. Bidder - Any person, firm or corporation submitting a Bid for t ire Work . Bonds - Bid, performance and payment bonds and other instruments oT security, furnished by the CONTRACTOR and his surety in accordance with the Contract Documents. Change Order - A written order to the CONTRACTOR signed by the OWNER authorizing an addition, deletion or revision in the Work, or an adjustment in the Contract Price or the Contract Time issued after execution of the Agreement. Contract Documents - The Agreement, Specifications, Drawings, Addenda (whether issued prior to opening of bids or execution of the Agreement) and Modifications. Contract Price - The total moneys payable to the CONTRACTOR under the Contract Documents. Contract Time - The number of calendar days stated in the Agreement for the completion of the Work. CONTRACTOR - The person, firm or corporation with whom the OWNER has executed the Agreement. Drawings - The drawings and plans which show the character and scope of the Work to be performed and which have been prepared or approved by the ENGINEER and are referred to in the Contract Documents. ENGINEER - The person, firm or corporation named as such in ti-,e Special Conditions. Field Order - A written order issued by the ENGINEER which clarifies or interprets the Contract Documents in accordance with paragraph 14.1 or orders minor changes in the Work in accordance with paragraph 20.2. Modification - (a) a written amendment of the Contract Documents signed by both parties, (b) a Change Order, (c) a written clarification or interpretation issued by the ENGINEER in accordance with paragraph 14.1 or (d) a written order for a minor change or alteration in the work issued by the ENGINEER pursuant to paragraph 20.2. A Modification may only be issued after execution of the Agreement. OWNER - A public body or authority, corporation, association, partnership, or individual for whom the Work is to be performed. Project - The entire construction to be performed as provided in the Contract Documents. Project Representative - The authorized representative of the ENGINEER who is assigned to the Project or any parts thereof. Shop Drawings - All drawings, diagrams, illustrations, brochures, schedules and other data which are prepared by the CONTRACTOR, a Subcontractor, manufacturer, supplier or distributor and which illustrate the equipment, material or some portion of the Work. Specifications - The Instructions to Bidders, these General Conditions, the Special Conditions and the Technical Provisions. Subcontractor - An individual, firm or corporation having a direct contract with the'CONTRACTOR or with any other Subcon- tractor for the performance of a part of the Work at the site. Substantial Completion - The date as certified by the ENGINEER when the construction of the Project or a specified part thereof is sufficiently completed, in accordance with the Contract Documents, so that the Project or specified part can be utilized for the purpose for which it was intended; or if there be no such certification, the date when final payment is due in accordance with paragraph 28.2. Work - Any and all obligations, duties and responsibilities necessary to the successful completion of the Project assigned to or undertaken by the CONTRACTOR under the Contract Documents, including the furnishing of all labor, materials, equipment and other incidentals. -2- SECTION 2. AWARD, EXECUTION OF DOCUMENTS, DELIVERY OF BONDS, ETC. 2.1. The award of the Contract, if it is awarded, will be to the lowest responsible Bidder whose qualifications indicate the award will be in the best interest of the OWNER and whose proposal complies with all the prescribed require- ments. No award will be made until the OWNER has concluded such investigations as he deems necessary to establish the responsibility, qualifications and financial ability of the Bidders to do the Work in accordance with the Contract Documents to the satisfaction of the OWNER within the time prescribed. The OWNER reserves the right to reject the Bid of any Bidder who does not pass such investigation to the OWNER's satisfac- tion. In analyzing Bids, the OWNER may take into considera- tion alternates and unit prices, if requested by the Bid forms. If the Contract is awarded, the OWNER will give the Bidder written notice of the award within thirty days after the opening of the Bids. 2.2. At least three counterparts of the Agreement and such other Contract Documents as practicable will be signed by the OWNER and the CONTRACTOR. The ENGINEER will identify those portions of the Contract Documents not so signed and such identification will be binding on all parties. The OWNER, the CONTRACTOR and the ENGINEER will each receive an executed counterpart of the Contract Documents. 2.3. Simultaneously with the execution of the Agreement, the CONTRACTOR will deliver to the OWNER the required Bonds. 2.4. Failure of the successful Bidder to execute the Agreement and deliver the required Bonds within ten days of the notice of the award shall be just cause for the OWNER to annul the award and declare the Bid and any guarantee thereof forfeited. SECTION 3. PROGRESS AND SUBMISSION SCHEDULES: PRECONSTRUCTION CONFERENCE: TIME OF STARTING THE WORK 3.1. Within ten days after execution of the Agreement, the CONTRACTOR will submit to the ENGINEER for approval, an estimated progress schedule indicating the starting and completion dates of the various stages of the Work, a schedule of Shop Drawing submission, and a schedule of materials to be incorporated in the Project. 3.2. Before starting the Work, a conference will be held to review the above schedules, to establish procedures for handling Shop Drawings and other submissions and for processing Progress Payment Documents, and to establish a working under- standing between the parties as to the Project. Present at -3- the conference will be the ENGINEER, the Project Representative, the CONTRACTOR and the Superintendent. 3.3. Prior to starting the Work the CONTRACTOR will furnish the OWNER and ENGINEER certificates of insurance as required by Section 32. 3.4. The CONTRACTOR will start the Work on the date on which the Agreement is executed and delivered, or on such other date, if any, as may be specified in the Agreement. However, at the time of the execution and delivery of the Agreement the OWNER may give the CONTRACTOR a written notice to proceed stating a different date on which it is expected that the CONTRACTOR will start the Work, but such date shall not be more than thirty days after the date of execution and delivery of the Agreement. A copy of the notice to proceed shall be sent to the ENGINEER. No Work shall be done prior to the date on which the Work is to start. 3.5. The Contract Time shall commence to run on the date when the Work is to start as provided in paragraph 3.4. SECTION 4. CORRELATION, INTERPRETATION AND INTENT OF CONTRACT DOCUMENTS 4.1. It is the intent of the Specifications and Drawings to describe a complete Project to be constructed in accordance with the Contract Documents. The Contract Documents comprise the entire Agreement between the OWNER and the CONTRACTOR.. They may be altered only by a Modification. 4.2. The Contract Documents are complementary; what is called for,by one is as binding as if called for by all. If the CONTRACTOR finds a comflict, error or discrepancy in the Contract Documents, he will call it to the ENGINEER's atten- tion in writing before proceeding with the Work affected thereby. In resolving such conflicts, errors and discrepancies, the documents shall be given precedence in the following order: Agreement, Specifications, Drawings. Within the Specifications the order of precedence shall be as follows: Special Conditions, instruction to Bidders, General Conditions, Technical Provi- sions. Figure dimensions, and detailed Drawings shall govern over general Drawings. Any Work that may reasonably be in- ferred from the Specifications or Drawings as being required to produce the intended result shall be supplied whether or not it is specifically called for. Work, materials or equip- ment described in words which so applied have a well-known technical or trade meaning shall be deemed to refer to such recognized standards. The CONTRACTOR assumes full responsi- bility for having familiarized himself with the nature and extent of the Contract Documents, Work, locality, and local -4- conditions that may in any manner affect the Work to be done. SECTION 5. OWNERSHIP AND COPIES OF DOCUMENTS: RECORD DOCUMENTS 5.1. All Specifications, Drawings and copies thereof furnished by the ENGINEER shall remain his property. They shall not be used on another Project, and, with the exception of those sets which have been signed in connection with the execution of the Agreement, shall be returned to him on request upon completion of the Project. 5.2. The OWNER will furnish to the CONTRACTOR up to four copies of the Specifications and Drawings as are reasonably necessary for the execution of the Work. Additional copies will be furnished, upon request, at the cost of reproduction. 5.3. The CONTRACTOR will keep one record copy of all Specifications, Drawings, Addenda, Modifications, and Shop Drawings at the site in good order and annotated to show all changes made during.the construction process. These shall be available to the ENGINEER and shall be delivered to him for the OWNER upon completion of the Project. SECTION 6. WORK BY OTHERS 6.1. The OWNER may perform additional work related to the Project by himself, or he may let other direct contacts therefor which shall contain General Conditions similar to these. The CONTRACTOR will afford the other contractors who are parties to such direct contracts (or the OWNER, if he is performing the additional work himself), reasonable opportunity for the introduction and storage of materials and equipment and the execution of work, and shall properly connect and coordinate his Work with theirs. 6.2. If any part of the CONTRACTOR's Work depends for proper execution or results upon the work of any such other contractor (or the OWNER), the CONTRACTOR will inspect and promptly report to the ENGINEER in writing any defects or deficiencies in such work that render it unsuitable for such proper execution and results. His failure so to report shall constitute an acceptance of the other work as fit and proper for, the relationship of his Work except as to defects and deficiencies which may appear in the other work after the execution of his Work. 6.3. The CONTRACTOR will do all cutting, fitting and patching of his Work that may be required to make its several parts come together properly and fit it to receive or be received by such other work. The CONTRACTOR will not endanger any work of others by cutting, excavating or otherwise altering -5- their work and will only cut or alter their work with the written consent of the ENGINEER. 6.4. If the performance of additional work by other con- tractors or the OWNER is not noted in the Contract Documents prior to the award of the contract, written notice thereof shall be given to the CONTRACTOR prior to starting any such additional work. If the CONTRACTOR believes that the per- formance of such additional work by the OWNER or others involves him in additional expense or entitles.him to an extension of the Contract Time, he may make a claim therefor as provided in Section 21 and 23. SECTION 7. SUBCONTRACTS 7.1. Prior to the execution and delivery of the Agreement, the successful Bidder will submit to the OWNER and the ENGINEER for acceptance a list of the names of Subcontractors and such other persons and organizations (including those who are to furnish materials or equipment fabricated to a special design) proposed for those portions of the Work as to which the identity of the Subcontractors and other persons and organi- zations must be submitted as specified in the Contract Documents. Prior to the execution and delivery of the Agreement, the ENGINEER will notify the successful Bidder in writing if either the OWNER or the ENGINEER, after due investigation, has reason- able objection to any Subcontractor, person or organization on such list. The failure of the OWNER or the ENGINEER to make objection to any Subcontractor, person or organization on the list prior to the execution and delivery of the Agree- ment shall constitute an acceptance of such Subcontractor, person or organization shall not constitute a waiver of any right of the OWNER or the ENGINEER to reject defective Work, material or equipment or Work, material or equipment not in conformance with the requirements of the Contract Documents. 7.2. If, prior to the execution and delivery of the Agreement, the OWNER or the ENGINEER has reasonable objection to and refuses to accept any Subcontractor, person or organi- zation on such list, the successful Bidder may, prior to such execution and delivery, either (i) submit an acceptable substitute without an increase in his Bid Price or (ii) with- draw his Bid and forfeit his Bid security. If, after the execution and delivery of the Agreement, the OWNER or the ENGINEER refuses to accept any Subcontractor, person or organization on such list, the CONTRACTOR will submit an acceptable substitute and the Contract Price shall be increas- ed or decreased by the difference in cost occasioned by such substitution and an appropriate Change Order shall be issued; however, no such increase in the Contract Price shall be allowed in respect of any substitution unless the CONTRACTOR has acted promptly and reasonably in submitting a name with respect thereto prior to the execution and delivery of the Agreement. 7.3. The CONTRACTOR will not employ any Subcontractor (whether initially or as a substitute) against whom the OWNER or the ENGINEER may have reasonable objection, nor will the CONTRACTOR be required to employ any Subcontractor against whom he has reasonable objection. The CONTRACTOR will. not make any substitution for any Subcontractor who has been accepted by the OWNER and the ENGINEER, unless the ENGINEER determines that there is good cause for doing so. 7.4. The CONTRACTOR will be fully responsible for all acts and omissions of his Subcontractors and of persons directly or indirectly employed by them and of persons for whose acts any of them may be liable to the same extent that he is responsible for the acts and omissions of persons directly employed by him. Nothing in the Contract Documents shall create any contractual relationship between any Sub- contractor and the OWNER or the ENGINEER or any obligation on the part of the OWNER or the ENGINEER to pay or to see to the payment of any moneys due any Subcontractor, except as may otherwise be required by law. The ENGINEER may furnish to any Subcontractor, to the extent practicable, evidence of amounts paid to the CONTRACTOR on account of specific work done in accordance with'the schedule of values. 7.5. The divisions and sections of the Specifications and the identifications of any drawings shall not control the Contractor in dividing .the Work among Subcontractors or delineating the Work to be performed by any trade. 7.6. The CONTRACTOR agrees to specifically bind every Subcontractor to all of the applicable terms and conditions of the Contract Documents. Every Subcontractor, by under- taking to perform any of the Work, will thereby automatically be deemed to be bound by such terms and conditions. SECTION 8. MATERIALS EQUIPMENT AND LABOR: SUBSTITUTE MATERIAL OR EQUIPMENT 8.1. The CONTRACTOR will provide and pay for all mater- ials, equipment, labor, transportation, construction equipment and machinery, tools, appliances, fuel, power, light, heat, telephone, water and sanitary facilities and all other facilities and incidentals necessary for the execution, testing, initial operation and completion of the Work. 8.2. All materials and equipment will be new. If required by the ENGINEER, the CONTRACTOR will furnish satis- factory evidence as to the kind and quality of materials and equipment. 8.3. If it is indicated in the Specifications that the CONTRACTOR may furnish or use a substitute that is equal to any material or equipment specified, and if the CONTRACTOR wishes to furnish or use a proposed substitute, he will, promptly after the award of the contract, make written application to the ENGINEER for approval of such a substitute certifying in writing that the proposed substitute -7- will perform adequately the duties imposed by the general design, be similar and of equal substance to that specified and be suited to the same use and capable of performing the same function as that specified. No substitute shall be ordered or installed without the written approval of the ENGINEER who shall be the judge of equality. 8.4. All materials and equipment shall be applied, installed, connected, erected, used, cleaned and conditioned in accordance with the instructions of the applicable man- ufacturer, fabricator or processors, except as otherwise specifically provided in the Contract Documents. SECTION 9. PATENT FEES AND ROYALTIES The CONTRACTOR will pay all license fees and royalties and assume all costs incident to the use of any invention, design, process or device which is the subject of patent rights or copyrights held by others. He will indemnify and hold harmless the OWNER and the ENGINEER and anyone directly or indirectly employed by either of them from and against all claims, damages, losses and expenses (including attorneys' fees) arising out of any infringement of such rights during or after completion of the Work, and shall defend all such claims in connection with any alleged infringement of such rights. SECTION 10. PERMITS, LAWS, TAXES AND REGULATIONS 10.1. The CONTRACTOR will secure and pay for all con- struction permits and licenses and will pay all governmental and public utility charges and inspection fees necessary for the prosecution of the Work. 10.2. The CONTRACTOR Vill give all notices and comply with all laws, ordinances, rules and regulations applicable to the Work. If the CONTRACTOR observes that the Specifica- tions or Drawings are at variance therewith, he will give the ENGINEER prompt written.notice thereof, and any neces- sary changes shall be adjusted by an appropriate Modification. If the CONTRACTOR performs any Work knowing it to be contrary to such laws, ordinances, rules and regulations, and without such notice to the ENGINEER, he will bear all costs arising therefrom. 10.3. The CONTRACTOR will pay all sales, consumer, use and other similar taxes required by the law of the place where the Work is to be performed. SECTION 11. AVAILABILITY OF LANDS:. PHYSICAL AND SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS: REFERENCE POINTS 11.1. The OWNER will provide, as indicated in the Contract -8- Documents and not later than the date when needed by the CONTRACTOR, the lands upon which the Work is to be done, rights -of -way for access thereto, and such other lands which are designated for the use of the CONTRACTOR. Easements for permanent structures or permanent changes in existing facilities will be secured and paid for by the OWNER, unless otherwise.specified in the Contract Documents. If the CONTRACTOR believes that any delay in the OWNER's furnishing these lands or providing such easements entitles him to an extension of the Contract Time, he may make a claim therefor as provided in Section 23. The CONTRACTOR will provide all additional lands and access thereto that may be required for temporary construction facilities or storage of materials and equipment. 11.2. The OWNER will, upon request, furnish to the CONTRACTOR copies of all available boundary surveys and sub- surface tests. Any such surface tests are informational only and it shall be the Contractor's responsibility to determine subsoil conditions prior to bidding the job. 11.3. The CONTRACTOR will promptly notify the OWNER and ENGINEER in writing of any subsurface or latent physical conditions at the site differing materially from those indi- cated in the Contract Documents. The ENGINEER will promptly investigate those conditions and advise the OWNER in writing if further surveys or subsurface tests are necessary. Promptly thereafter, the OWNER will obtain the necessary additional surveys and tests and furnish copies to the ENGINEER and the CONTRACTOR. If the ENGINEER finds that the results of such surveys or tests indicate subsurface or latent physical conditions differing significantly from those indicated in the Contract Documents, a Change Order shall be issued incorporating the necessary revisions. 11.4. The ENGINEER will establish such reference points and set such stakes as in his judgment will enable the CONTRACTOR to proceed with the Work. The CONTRACTOR will be responsible for the layout of the Work and will protect and preserve the established reference points and stakes and will make no changes or relocations without the prior written approval of the ENGINEER. He will report to the ENGINEER whenever any reference point or stake is lost or destroyed or requires relocation because of necessary changes in grades or locations. In case of the CONTRACTOR's willful or careless destruction of said reference points or stakes, he shall be charged with the resulting expense of replacement and shall be responsible for any mistakes that may be caused by their unnecessary loss or disturbance. SECTION 12. USE OF PREMISES 12.1. The CONTRACTOR will confine his equipment, the storage of materials and equipment and the operations of his workmen to areas permitted by law, ordinances, permits, or the requirements of the Contract Documents, and shall not unreasonably encumber the premises with materials or equipment. 12.2. The CONTRACTOR will not load nor permit any part of: the structure to be loaded with weights that will endanger the structures, nor will he subject any part of the Work to stresses or pressures that will endanger it. SECTION 13. ENGINEER'S STATUS DURING CONSTRUCTION 13.1. The ENGINEER shall be the OWNER's representative during the construction period. All instructions of the OWNER to the CONTRACTOR shall be issued through the ENGINEER. The duties and responsibilities and the limitations of authority of the ENGINEER as the OWNER's representative during construction are set forth in Sections 1 through 39 of these General Conditions and shall not be extended with- out written consent of the OWNER and the ENGINEER. 13.2. The ENGINEER will make periodic visits to the site to observe the progress and quality of the executed Work and to determine, in general, if the Work is proceed- ing in accordance with the Contract Documents. He will not be required to make exhaustive or continuous on -site inspec- tions to check the quality or quantity of the Work nor will he be responsible for the construction means, methods, techniques, sequences or procedures, or the safety precau- tions incident thereto. His efforts will be directed toward providing assurance for the OWNER that the completed Project will conform to the requirements of the Contract Documents, but he will not be responsible for the CONTRACTOR's failure to perform the Work in accordance with the Contract Documents. On the basis of his on -site observations as an experienced and qualified design professional, he will keep the OWNER informed of the progress of the Work and will endeavor to guard the OWNER against defects and deficiencies in the Work of contractors. 13.3. The ENGINEER will have authority to disapprove of or reject Work which is defective; i.e., it is unsatis- factory, faulty or defective, or does not conform to the requirements of the Contract Documents or does not meet the requirements of any inspection, test or approval refer- red to in paragraph 16.1. He will also have authority to require special inspection or testing of the Work as provided in paragraph 19.2, whether or not the Work is fabricated, installed or completed. 13.4. If the OWNER and ENGINEER agree, the ENGINEER will provide one or more full-time Resident Project Repre- sentatives to assist the ENGINEER in carrying out his -10- responsibilities at the site. 13.5. Neither the ENGINEER's authority to act under this Section 13 nor any decision made by him in good faith either to exercise or not exercise such authority shall give rise to any duty or responsibility of the ENGINEER to the CONTRACTOR, any Subcontractor, any of their agents or employees or any other person performing any of the Work. SECTION 14. ENGINEER'S INTERPRETATIONS AND DECISIONS 14.1. The ENGINEER will issue with reasonable prompt- ness such written clarifications or interpretations (in the form of drawings or otherwise) as he may determine necessary for the proper execution of the Work, such clarifications and interpretations to be consistent with or reasonably inferable from the overall intent of the Contract Documents. If the CONTRACTOR believes that a written clarification and interpretation entitles him to an increase in the Contract Price, he may make a claim therefor as provided in Section 21. 14.2. The ENGINEER will be the initial interpreter of the terms and conditions of the Contract Documents and the judge of the performance thereunder. In his capacity as interpreter and judge he will exercise his best efforts to insure faithful performance by both the OWNER and the CONTRACTOR. He will not show partiality to either and shall not be liable for the result of any interpretation or decision rendered in good faith. Claims, disputes and other matters relating .to the execution and progress of the Work or the interpretation of or performance under the Contract Documents shall be referred initially to the ENGINEER for decisions, which he shall render in writing within a reason- able time. 14.3. Either the OWNER or the CONTRACTOR may demand arbitration with respect to any such claim, dispute or other matter that has been referred to the ENGINEER, except any which have been waived by the making or acceptance of final payment as provided in Section 29.2 such arbitration to be in accordance with Section 38. However no demand for arbitration of any such claim, dispute or other matter shall be made until the earlier of (a) the date on which the ENGINEER has rendered his decision or (b) the tenth day after the parties have presented their evidence to the ENGINEER if he has not rendered his written decision before that date. No demand for arbitration shall be made later than thirty days after the date on which the ENGINEER rendered his written decision in respect of the claim, dispute or other matter as to which arbitration is sought; and the failure to demand arbitration within said thirty Oft days' period shall result in the ENGINEER's decision being -11- final and binding upon the OWNER and the CONTRACTOR. If the ENGINEER renders a decision after arbitration proceed- inqs have been initiated, such decision may be entered as evidence but shall not supersede the arbitration proceed- ings, except where the decision is acceptable to the parties concerned. SECTION 15. SHOP DRAWINGS AND SAMPLES 15.1. After checking and verifying all field measure- ments, the CONTRACTOR will submit to the ENGINEER for approval, in accordance with the accepted schedule of Shop Drawing submissions, three copies (or at the ENGINEER's option, one reproducible copy) of all Shop Drawings, which shall have been checked by and stamped with the approval of the CONTRACTOR and identified as the ENGINEER may require. The date shown on the Shop Drawings will be complete with respect to dimensions, design criteria, materials of con- struction and the like to enable the ENGINEER to review the information as required. 15.2. The CONTRACTOR will also submit to the ENGINEER for approval, with such promptness as to cause no delay in Work, all samples required by the Contract Documents. All samples will have been checked by and stamped with approval of the CONTRACTOR, identified clearly as to material, man- ufacturer, any pertinent catalog numbers and the use for which intended. 15.3. At the time of each submission, the CONTRACTOR will in writing call the ENGINEER's attention to any devia- tions that the Shop Drawing or sample may have from the requirements of the Contract Documents. 15.4. The ENGINEER will check and approve with reason- able promptness Shop Drawings and samples, but his checking and approval shall be only for conformance with.the design concept of°the Project and for compliance with the informa- tion given in the Contract Documents. The approval of a separate item as such will not indicate approval of the assembly in which the item functions. The CONTRACTOR will make any corrections required by the ENGINEER and will return the required number of corrected copies of Shop Drawings and resubmit new samples until approved. The CONTRACTOR shall direct specific attention in writing or on resubmitted Shop Drawings to revisions other than the corrections called for by the ENGINEER on previous submis- sion. 15.5. No Work requiring a Shop Drawing or sample submission shall be commenced until the submission has been approved by the ENGINEER. -12- 1_5.6. The ENGINEER's approval of Shop Drawings or samples shall not relieve the CONTRACTOR from his responsi- bility for any deviations from the requirements of the Contract Documents unless the CONTRACTOR has in writing called the ENGINEER's attention to such deviations at the specific deviation, nor shall any approval by the ENGINEER relieve the CONTRACTOR from responsibility for errors or omissions in the Shop Drawings. SECTION 16. TESTS AND INSPECTIONS 16.1. If the Contract Documents, laws, ordinances, rules, regulations or orders of any.public authority having jurisdiction require any Work to specifically be inspected, tested, or approved by someone other than the CONTRACTOR, the CONTRACTOR will give the ENGINEER timely notice of readiness therefor. The CONTRACTOR will furnish the ENGINEER the required certificates of inspection, testing or approval. All such tests will be in accordance with the methods prescribed by the American Society for Testing and Materials or such other applicable organization as may be required by law or the Contract Documents. If any such Work required so to be inspected, tested or approved is covered up with- out written approval or consent of the ENGINEER, it must, if directed by the ENGINEER, be uncovered for observation at the CONTRACTOR's expense. The cost of all such inspec- tions, tests and approvals shall be borne by the CONTRACTOR unless otherwise provided. 16.2. Any Work which fails to meet the requirements of any such test, inspection or approval and any Work which meets the requirements of any such test or approval but does not meet the requirements of the Contract Documents shall be considered defective. Such defective Work may be rejected, corrected or accepted as provided in Section 25. 16.3. Neither observations by the ENGINEER nor inspec- tions, tests or approvals by persons other than the CONTRACTOR shall relieve the CONTRACTOR from his obligations to perform the Work in accordance with the requirements of the Contract Documents. SECTION 17. CONTRACTOR'S SUPERVISION AND SUPERINTENDENCE 17.1. The CONTRACTOR will supervise and direct the Work efficiently and with his best skill and attention. He will be solely responsible for the means, methods, techniques, sequences and procedures of construction. Before undertaking the Work he will carefully study and compare the Contract Documents and check and verify all figures shown thereon and all field measurements. He will at once report in writing to the ENGINEER any conflit, error or discrepancy which he may discover. Any Work done after -13- such discovery, until authorized, will be done at the CONTRACTOR's risk. The CONTRACTOR will be responsible to see that the finished Work complies accurately with the Contract Documents. 17.2. The CONTRACTOR will keep on the Work at all times during its progress a resident superintendent satisfactory to the ENGINEER. The superintendent shall not be replaced without the consent of the ENGINEER except under extra- ordinary circumstances. The superintendent will be the CONTRACTOR's representative at the site and shall have authority to act on behalf of the CONTRACTOR. All communi- cations given to the superintendent shall be as binding as if given to the CONTRACTOR. 17.3. The CONTRACTOR will provide competent, suitably qualified personnel to lay out the Work and perform construc- tion as required by the Contract Documents. He will at all times maintain good discipline and order among his employees at the site. 17.4. The ENGINEER will not be responsible for the acts or omissions of the CONTRACTOR, or any Subcontractors, or any of his or their agents or employees, or any other persons performing any of the Work. SECTION 18. SAFETY AND PROTECTION; EMERGENCIES 18.1. The CONTRACTOR will be responsible for initia- ting, maintaining and supervising all safety precautions and programs in connection with the Work. He will take all necessary precautions for the safety of, and will provide the necessary protection to prevent damage, injury or loss to: 18.1.1. all employees on the Work and other persons who may be affected thereby, 18.1.2. all the Work and all materials or equip- ment to be incorporated therein, whether in storage on or off the site, and 18.1.3. other property at the site or adjacent thereto, including trees, shrubs, lawns, walks, pave- ments, roadways, structures and utilities not desig- nated for removal, relocation or replacement in the course of construction. The CONTRACTOR will comply with all applicable laws, ordinances, rules, regulations and orders of any public body having jurisdiction for the safety of persons or property or to protect them from damage, injury or loss. He will erect and maintain, as required by the conditions -14- and progress of the Work, all necessary safeguards for safety and protection, including posting danger signs and other warnings against hazards and promulgating safety regulations. He will notify owners of adjacent utilities when prosecution of the work may affect them. When the use or storage of explosives or other hazardous materials is necessary for the prosecution of the Work, the CONTRACTOR will exercise the utmost care and will carry on such activities under the supervision of properly qualified personnel. All damage, injury or loss to any property referred to in para- graph 18.1.2 or 18.1.3 caused, directly or indirectly, in whole or in•part, by the CONTRACTOR, any Subcontractor or anyone directly or indirectly employed by any of them or anyone for whose acts any of them may be liable, will be remedied by the CONTRACTOR, except damage or loss attributable to the fault of drawings or specifications or the acts or omissions of the OWNER or the ENGINEER or anyone employed by either of them or for whose acts either of them may be liable, and not attributable to the fault or negligence of the CONTRACTOR. 18.2. The CONTRACTOR will designate a responsible member of his organization at the site whose duty shall be the prevention of accidents. This person shall be the CONTRACTOR's superintendent unless otherwise designated in writing by the CONTRACTOR to the OWNER and the ENGINEER. 18.3. In emergencies affecting the safety of persons or the Work or property at the site or adjacent thereto, the CONTRACTOR, without special instruction or authorization from the ENGINEER or OWNER, is obligated to act, at his discretion, to prevent threatened damage, injury or loss. He will give the ENGINEER prompt written notice of any significant changes in the Work or deviations from the Contract Documents caused thereby, and a Change Order shall thereupon be issued covering the changes and devia- tions involved. If the CONTRACTOR believes that additional work done by him in an emergency which arose from causes beyond his control entitles him to an increase in the Contract Price or an extension of the Contract Time, he may make a claim therefor as provided in Sections 21 and 23. SECTION 19. ACCESS TO THE WORK; UNCOVERING FINISHED WORK -19.1. The ENGINEER and his representatives and other representatives of the OWNER will at all times have access to the Work. ,The CONTRACTOR will provide proper facilities for such access and observation of the Work and also for any inspection, or testing thereof by others. 19.2. If any Work is covered contrary to the request of the ENGINEER, it must, if requested by the ENGINEER, be uncovered for his observation and replaced at the CONTRACTOR's expense. -15- 19.3. If any Work has been covered which the ENGINEER has not specifically requested to observe prior to its being covered, or if the ENGINEER considers it necessary or advisable that covered Work be inspected or tested by others, the CONTRACTOR, at the ENGINEER's request, will uncover, expose or.otherwise make available for observation, inspec- tion or testing as the ENGINEER may require, that portion of the Work in question, furnishing all necessary labor, material and equipment. If it is found that such Work is defective or does not meet the requirements of the Contract Documents, the CONTRACTOR will bear all the expenses of such uncovering, exposure, observation, inspection and testing and of satisfactory reconstruction, including compensation for additional professional services, and an appropriate Change Order shall be issued deducting all such costs from the Contract Price. If, however, such Work is found to be nondefective and meet the requirements of the Contract Documents, the CONTRACTOR will be allowed an increase in the Contract Price or extension of the Contract Time directly attributable to such uncovering, exposure, observation,inspection, testing and reconstruc- tion if he makes a claim therefor as provided in Section 21 and 23. SECTION 20. CHANGES IN THE.WORK 20.1. Without invalidating the Agreement, the OWNER may, at any time or from time to time, order additions, deletions or revisions in the Work; these will be authorized by Change Orders. Upon receipt of a Change Order, the CONTRACTOR will proceed with the Work involved. All such Work shall be executed under the applicable conditions of the Contract Documents. If any Change Order causes an increase or decrease in the Contract Price or an exten- sion or shortening of the Contract Time, an equitable adjustment will be made as provided in Section 21 or 23. 20.2. The ENGINEER may authorize minor changes or alterations in the Work not involving extra cost and not inconsistent with the overall intent of the Contract Documents. These may be accomplished by a Field Order. If the CONTRACTOR believes that any minor change or al- teration authorized by the ENGINEER entitles him to an increase in the Contract Price, he may make a claim there- for as provided in Section 21. 20.3. Additional work performed by the CONTRACTOR without authorization of a Change Order will not entitle him to an increase in the Contract Price or an extension of the Contract Time, except in the case of an emergency as provided in Section 18.3 and except as provided in paragraphs 16.1, 19.3 and 20.2. -16- 20.4. The OWNER will execute any appropriate Change Order prepared by the ENGINEER covering changes in the Work to be performed as provided in paragraph 11.3, and Work performed in an emergency as provided in paragraph 18.3 and any other claim of the CONTRACTOR for a change in the Contract Time or the Contract Price which is approved by the ENGINEER. 20.5. It is the CONTRACTOR's responsibility to notify his Surety of any changes affecting the general scope of the Work or change in the Contract Price and the amount of the applicable Bonds shall be adjusted accordingly. The CONTRACTOR will furnish proof of such adjustment to the OWNER SECTION 21. CHANGE OF CONTRACT PRICE 21.1. The Contract Price constitutes the total compen- sation payable to the CONTRACTOR for performing the Work. All duties, responsibilities and obligations assigned to or undertaken by the CONTRACTOR shall be at his expense without change in the Contract Price. 21.2. Should the number of units of completed work of any item included in the Unit Price schedule classified as a major item vary more than 20% from the number of units stated in said schedule, either the OWNER or the CONTRACTOR may request a revision of the unit price for the item so affected. Under such conditions adjustment of the price, if any, shall be made in accordance with Section 21 thereof. A major item under the meaning of this provision is defined as any item equal to or greater than 10% of the total price for the entire contract. 21.3. The Contract Price may only be changed by a Change Order. If the CONTRACTOR is entitled by the Contract Documents to make a claim for an increase in the Contract Price, his claim shall be in writing delivered to the OWNER and the ENGINEER within 15 days of the occurrence of the event giving rise to the claim. All claims for adjustments in the Contract Price shall be determined by the ENGINEER if the OWNER and CONTRACTOR cannot otherwise agree on the amount involved. Any change in the Contract Price result- ing from any such claim shall be incorporated in a Change Order. 21.4. The value of any Work covered by a Change Order or any claim for an increase or decrease in the Contract Price shall be determined in one of the following ways: 21.4.1. Where the Work involved is covered by unit prices contained in the Contract Documents, by applica- tion of unit prices to the quantities of the items involved. -17- 21.4.2. By mutual acceptance of a lump sum. 21.4.3. By cost and a mutually acceptable fixed amount for overhead and profit. 21.4.4. If none of the above methods is agreed upon, the value shall be determined by the ENGINEER on the basis of costs and a percentage for overhead and profit. Costs shall only include labor (payroll, payroll taxes, fringe benefits, workman's compensation, etc.), materials, equipment, and other incidentals directly related to the Work involved. The maximum percentage which shall be allowed for CONTRACTOR's combined overhead and profit, shall be as follows: 21.4.4.1. for all such Work done by his own organization, the CONTRACTOR may add up to ten percent of his actual net increase in cost, and 21.4.4.1. for all such Work done by Subcon- tractor may add up to ten percent of his actual net increase in costs for combined overhead and profit and the CONTRACTOR may add up to five per- cent of the Subcontractor's total for his combined overhead and profit; provided that no overhead or profit shall be allowed on costs incurred in con- nection with premiums for public liability insurance or other special insurance directly related to such Work. In such case and also under paragraph 21.4.3 the CONTRACTOR will submit in form prescribed by the ENGINEER an itemized cost breakdown together with supporting data. 21.5. The amount of credit to be allowed the CONTRACTOR to the OWNER for any such change which results in a net decrease in cost will be the amount of the actual net decrease as determined by the ENGINEER. When both additions and credits are involved in any one change, the combined overhead and profit shall be figured on the basis of the net increase, if any. SECTION 22. CASH ALLOWANCES The CONTRACTOR will include in the Contract Price all allowances so named in the Contract Documents and shall cause the Work so covered to be done by such suppliers or Subcontractors and for such sums within the limit of the allowances as the ENGINEER may approve. Upon final payment, the Contract Price shall be decreased as required and an appropriate Change Order issued. The CONTRACTOR agrees that the original Contract Price includes such sums as he -18- deems proper for costs and profit on account of cash allowances. No demand for additional cost or profit in connection therewith will be allowed. SECTION 23. CHANGE OF THE CONTRACT TIME 23.1. The Contract Time may only be changed by a Change Order. If the CONTRACTOR is entitled by the Contract Documents to make a claim for an extension in the Contract Time, his claim shall be in writing delivered to the OWNER and the ENGINEER within ten days of the occurrence of the event giving rise to the claim. All claims for adjustment in the Contract Time shall be determined by the ENGINEER if the OWNER and the CONTRACTOR cannot otherwise agree. Any change in the Contract Time resulting from any such claim shall be incorporated in a Change Order. 23.2. The Contract Time will be extended in an amount equal to time lost due to delays beyond the control of the CONTRACTOR if he makes a claim therefor as provided in paragraph 23.1. Such delays shall include, but not be restricted to, acts or neglect by any separate contractor employed by the OWNER, fires, floods, labor disputes, epidemics, abnormal weather conditions, or acts of God. 23.3. All time limits stated in the Contract Docu- ments are of the essence of the Agreement. The provisions of this Section 23 shall not exclude recovery for damages (including compensation for additional professional services) for delay by either party. SECTION 24. NEGLECTED WORK If the CONTRACTOR should neglect to prosecute the Work in accordance with the Contract Documents, including any requirements of the progress schedule, the OWNER, after three days' written notice to the CONTRACTOR may, without prejudice to any other remedy he may have, make good such deficiencies and the cost thereof (including compensation for additional professional services) shall be charged against the CONTRACTOR if the ENGINEER approves such action, in which case a Change Order shall be issued incorporating the necessary revisions in the Contract Documents including an appropriate reduction in the Contract Price. If the payments then or thereafter due the CONTRACTOR are not sufficient to cover such amount, the CONTRACTOR will pay the difference to the OWNER. SECTION 25. WARRANTY AND GUARANTEE; CORRECTION, REMOVAL OR ACCEPTANCE OF DEFECTIVE WORK 25.1. The CONTRACTOR warrants and guarantees to the OWNER and the ENGINEER that all materials and equipment -19- will be new unless otherwise specified and that all Work will be of good quality and free from faults or defects and in accordance with the requirements of the Contract Documents and of any inspections, tests or approvals referred to in paragraph 16.2. All unsatisfactory Work, all faulty or defective Work and all Work not conforming to the requirements of the Contract Documents or of such inspections, tests or approvals shall be considered defec- tive. Prompt notice of all defects shall be given to the CONTRACTOR. All defective Work, whether or not in place, may be rejected. 25.2. If required by the ENGINEER prior to approval of final payment, the CONTRACTOR will promptly, without cost to the OWNER and as required by the ENGINEER, either correct any defective Work, whether or not fabricated, installed or completed, or, if the Work has been rejected by the ENGINEER, remove it from the site and replace it with nondefective Work. If the CONTRACTOR does not correct such defective Work or remove and replace such rejected Work within a reasonable time, all as required by written notice from the ENGINEER, the OWNER may have the deficiency corrected or the rejected Work removed and replaced. All direct or indirect costs of such correction or removal and replacement, including compensation for additional profes- sional services shall be paid by the CONTRACTOR, and an appropriate Change Order shall be issued deducting all such costs from the Contract Price. The CONTRACTOR will also bear the expenses of making good all work of others destroyed or damaged by his correction, removal or replace- ment of his defective Work. 25.3. If, after the approval of final payment and prior to the expiration of one year after the date of Substantial Completion of such longer period of time as may be prescribed by law or by the terms of any applicable special guarantee required by the Contract Documents, any Work is found to be defective the CONTRACTOR will, promptly without cost to the OWNER and in accordance with the OWNER's written instruction, either correct such defective Work, or, if it has been rejected by the OWNER, remove it from the site and replace it with nondefective Work. If the CONTRACTOR does not promptly comply with the terms of such instructions, the OWNER may have the defective Work corrected or the rejected work removed and replaced, and all direct and indirect costs of such removal and replacement, including compensation for additional profes- sional services, will be paid by the CONTRACTOR. SECTION 26. APPLICATIONS FOR PROGRESS PAYMENTS 26.1. Partial payment documents will be prepared by the ENGINEER before the first of each month, and the progress payment will be submitted to the OWNER for approval before -20- the loth of the month. These Progress Payment Documents will be based on work done and materials delivered to the job site on or before the 20th of the preceding month. The CONTRACTOR will receive a copy on or about the lst of the month, and will sign the Progress Payment Document upon receipt of payment.. 26.2. The CONTRACTOR warrants and guarantees that the title to all Work, materials and equipment covered by a Progress Payment Document, whether incorporated in the Project or not, will have passed to the OWNER prior to his signing of the Progress Payment Document, free and clear of all liens, claims, security interests and encum- brances (hereafter in these General Conditions referred to as "Liens"); and that no Work, materials or equipment covered by a Progress Payment Document will have been acquired by the CONTRACTOR or by any other person perform- ing the Work at the site or furnishing materials and equip- ment for the Project, subject to an agreement under which an interest therein, or encumbrance thereon, is retained by the seller or otherwise imposed by the CONTRACTOR or such other person. 26.3. The OWNER will, within ten days of presentation to him of an approved Progress Payment Document, pay the CONTRACTOR 90% of the amount approved by the ENGINEER. SECTION 27. APPROVAL OF PAYMENTS 27.1. The ENGINEER's approval of any payment requested in a Progress Payment Document shall constitute a repre- sentation by him to the OWNER, based on the ENGINEER's on site observations of the Work in progress as an exper- ienced and qualified design professional and on his review of supporting data, that the Work has progressed to the point indicated; that, to the best of his knowledge, infor- mation and belief, the quality of the Work is in accordance with the Contract Documents (subject to an evaluation of the Work as a functioning Project upon Substantial Completion, to the results of any subsequent tests called for in the Contract Documents and any qualifications stated in his approval); and that the CONTRACTOR is entitled to payment of the amount approved. However, by approving any such payment the ENGINEER shall not thereby be deemed to have represented that he made exhaustive or continuous on -site inspections to check the quality or the quantity of the Work, or that he has reviewed the means, methods, techni- ques, sequences, and procedures of construction or that he has made any examination to ascertain how or for what purpose the CONTRACTOR has used the moneys paid or to be paid to him on account of the Contract Price. -21- 27.2. The ENGINEER may refuse to approve the whole or any part of any payment, if in his opinion, he is un- able to make such representations to the OWNER. He may also refuse to approve any such payment, or, because of .subsequently discovered evidence or the results of sub- sequent inspections.or tests, nullify any such payment previously approved, to such extent as may be necessary in his opinion to protect the OWNER from loss because: 27.2.1. the Work is defective, 27.2.2. claims have been filed or there is reason- able evidence indicating the probable filing thereof, 27.2.3. the Contract Price has been reduced because of Modifications, 27.2.4. the OWNER has been required to correct defective Work or complete the Work in accordance with Section 24, or 27.2.5. unsatisfactory prosecution of the Work, including failure to clean up as required by Section 34. SECTION 28. FINAL PAYMENT 28.1. Upon written notice from the CONTRACTOR that the Project is complete, the ENGINEER will make a final inspec- tion with the OWNER and the CONTRACTOR and will notify the CONTRACTOR in writing of any particulars in which this inspection reveals that the Work is defective. The CONTRACTOR shall immediately make such corrections as are necessary to remedy such defects. 28.2. After the CONTRACTOR has completed any such corrections to the satisfaction of the ENGINEER and delivered all maintenance and operating instructions, schedules, guarantees, bonds, certificates of inspection and other documents - all as required by the Contract Documents, he may request final payment. I£, on the basis of his obser- vation and review of the Work during construction and his final inspection - all as required by the Contract Docu- ments, the ENGINEER is satisfied that the Work has been completed and the CONTRACTOR has fulfilled all of his obligations under the Contract Documents, he will, within ten days after receipt of CONTRACTOR's notice of completion and request for final.payment, prepare the Final Payment Documents. 28.3. Final Payment Document shall be accompanied by such supporting data as the ENGINEER may require, together with complete and legally effective releases or waivers (satisfactory to the OWNER) or all Liens arising out of the Contract Documents and the labor and services performed and the material and equipment furnished thereunder. In lieu thereof and as approved by the OWNER, the CONTRACTOR -22- may furnish receipts or releases in full; an affidavit of the CONTRACTOR that the releases and receipts include all labor, services, material and equipment for which a Lien could be filed, and that all payrolls, material and equip- ment bills, and other indebtedness connected with the Work for which the OWNER or his property might in any way be responsible, have been paid or otherwise satisfied; and consent of the surety, if any, to final payment. If any Subcontractor or supplier fails to furnish a release or receipt in full, the CONTRACTOR may furnish a bond -satis- factory to the OWNER to indemnify him against any Lien. The Final Payment Document will be approved and signed by the CONTRACTOR prior to its submission to the OWNER. The OWNER will, within thirty days of presentation to him of an approved Final Payment Documents, pay the CONTRACTOR the amount approved by the ENGINEER. 28.4. If after Substantial Completion of the Work, final completion thereof is materially delayed through no fault of the CONTRACTOR, and the ENGINEER so confirms, the OWNER shall, upon certification by the ENGINEER, and without terminating the Agreement, make payment of the balance due for the portion of the Work fully completed and accepted. If the remaining balance for Work not fully completed or corrected is less than the retainage stipu- lated in the Agreement, and if Bonds have been furnished as required in Section 31, the written consent of the surety to the payment of the balance due for that portion of the Work fully completed and accepted shall be submitted by the CONTRACTOR to the ENGINEER prior to certification of such payment. Such payment shall be made under the terms and conditions governing final payment, except that it shall not constitute a waiver of claims. SECTION 29. WAIVERS OF CLAIMS AND CONTINUING OBLIGATIONS 29.1. The CONTRACTOR's obligation to perform the Work and complete the Project in accordance with the Contract Documents shall be absolute. Neither approval of any progress or final payment by the ENGINEER, nor the issuance of a certificate of Substantial Completion, nor any payment by the OWNER to the CONTRACTOR under the Contract Documents, nor any use or occupancy of the Project or any part thereof by the OWNER, nor.any act of acceptance by the OWNER nor any failure to do so, nor any correction of faulty or defective work by the.OWNER shall constitute an acceptance of Work not in accordance with the Contract Documents. 29.2. The making and acceptance of final payment shall constitute; 29.2.1. a waiver of all claims by the OWNER against the CONTRACTOR other than those arising from unsettled -23- Liens, from faulty or defective work appearing after final payment or from failure to comply with the requirements of the Contract Documents or the terms of any special guarantees specified therein, and 29.2.2. a waiver of all claims by the CONTRACTOR against the OWNER other than those previously made in writing and still unsettled. SECTION 30. INDEMNIFICATION 30.1. The CONTRACTOR shall indemnify and hold harm- less the OWNER and the ENGINEER and their agents and employees from and against all claims, damages, losses and expenses including attorneys' fees arising out of or resulting from the performance of the Work, provided that any such claim, damage, loss or expense (a) is attributable to bodily injury, sickness, disease or death, or to injury to or destruction of tangible property (other than the Work itself) including the loss of use resulting therefrom and (b) is caused in whole or in part by any negligent act or omission of the CONTRACTOR, any Subcontractor, anyone directly or indirectly employed by any of them or anyone for whose acts any of them may be liable, regardless of whether or not it is caused in part by a party indemnified hereunder. 30.2. In any and all claims against the OWNER or the ENGINEER or any of their agents or employees by any employee of the CONTRACTOR, any Subcontractor, anyone directly or indirectly employed by any of them or anyone for whose acts any of them may be liable, the indemnification obli- gation under this Section 30 shall not be limited in any way by any limitation on the amount or type of damages, compensation or benefits payable by or for the CONTRACTOR or any Subcontractor under workmen's compensation acts, disability benefit acts or other employee benefit acts. 30.3. The obligations of the CONTRACTOR under this Section 30 shall not extend to the liability of the ENGINEER, his agents or employees arising out of (a) the preparation or approval of maps, drawings, opinions, reports, surveys, Change Orders, designs or specifications of (b) the giving of or the failure to give directions or instructions by the ENGINEER, his agents or employees provided such giving or failure to give is the primary cause of injury or damage. SECTION 31. BONDS 31.1. All bids must be accompanied by a certified check or bid bond for not less than Five Percent (5%) of the amount of the bid, payable without recourse to the OWNER. -24- 31.2 A good and sufficient performance bond in the sum of not less than the full amount of the Contract, payable to the OWNER, as provided by law, shall be made and delivered to the OWNER by the CONTRACTOR within Ten (10) days after notice of award of Contract. The certified check or bid bond provided above shall be forfeited if the CONTRACTOR shall fail to provide the proper bond and enter into a contract as provided by law. SECTION 32. CONTRACTOR'S INSURANCE 32.1 The CONTRACTOR will purchase and maintain such insurance as will protect him from claims under workmen's compensation laws, disability benefit laws or other similar employee benefit laws; from claims for damages because of bodily injury, occupational sickness or disease, or death of his employees, and claims insured by usual personal in- jury liability coverage; from claims for damages because of bodily injury, sickness or disease or death of any person other than his employees including claims insured by usual personal injury liability coverage; and from claims for injury to of destruction of tangible property, including loss of use resulting therefrom - any or all of which may arise out of or result from the CONTRACTOR'S operations be by himself or by any Subcontractor or anyone directly or indirectly employed by any of them or for whose acts any of them may be legally liable. This insur- ance shall be written for not less than the limits of liability specified below or required by law, whichever is greater, and shall include contractual liability insurance. Before starting the work, the CONTRACTOR will file with the OWNER and ENGINEER certificates of such insurance, acceptable to the OWNER; these certificates shall contain a provision that the coverage afforded under the policies will not be cancelled or materially changed until at least fifteen (15) days prior written notice has been given to the OWNER and ENGINEER. 32.2 Public Liability Insurance - Bodily Injury Insurance in an amount of not less than $200,000 for acci- dental injury, including death, of any one person and not less than $5004,000 on account of any one accident. Property Damage Insurance in an amount of not leas than $100,000 for each accident.and $200,000 aggregate. 32.3 Automobile Insurance - Automobile Bodily Injury Insurance in the amount of $100,000 per person, and $300,000 per accident, and Property Damage Insurance in an amount of not less than $50,000 per accident covering him not only for the operation of automobiles owned or used -25- by him, but automobiles hired by him, and Non -Ownership Coverage as respects automobiles of employees. SECTION ION 33. OWNER'S PROTECTIVE INSURANCE The CONTRACTOR shall obtain and pay for Owner's Protec- tive Insurance, issued in the name of the OWNER and ENGINEER which shall pay on behalf of the insured all sums which the insured shall become legally obligated to pay as damages because of injury to the person or destruction of property sustained by any person, caused by accident and arising from operations during this Contract. The limits of liability for this coverage shall be the same as those mentioned in Public Liability Insurance above. The original of this policy shall be filed with the OWNER prior to the commencement of any operations under this Contract. SECTION 34. CLEANING UP The CONTRACTOR will keep the premises free from accumu- lations of waste materials, rubbish and other debris result- ing from the Work, and at the completion of the Work he will remove all waste materials, rubbish and debris from and about the premises as well as all tools, construction equipment and machinery, and surplus materials, and will leave the site clean and ready for occupancy by the OWNER. The CONTRACTOR will restore to their original condition those portions of the site not designated for alteration by the Contract Documents. SECTION 35. OWNER'S RIGHT TO STOP OR SUSPEND WORK 35.1. If the Work is defective, or the CONTRACTOR fails to supply sufficient skilled workmen or suitable materials or equipment, or if the CONTRACTOR fails to make prompt payments to Subcontractors or for labor, materials or equipment, the OWNER may order the CONTRACTOR to stop the Work, or any portion thereof, until the cause for such order has been eliminated. 35.2. The OWNER may, at any time and without cause, suspend the Work or any portion thereof for a period of not more than ninety days by notice in writing to the CONTRACTOR and the ENGINEER which shall fix the date on which Work shall be resumed. The CONTRACTOR will be allowed an increase in the Contract Price or an extension of the Contract Time directly attributable to any suspen- sion if he makes a claim therefor as provided in Sections 21 and 23. -26- SECTION 36. OWNER'S RIGHT TO TERMINATE 36.1. If the CONTRACTOR is adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent, or if he makes a general assignment for the benefit of his creditors, or if a trustee or receiver is appointed for the CONTRACTOR or for any of his property, or if he files a petition to take advantage of any debtors' act, or to reorganize under the bankruptcy or similar laws, or if he repeatedly fails to supply sufficient skilled workmen or suitable materials or equipment, or if he repeatedly fails to make prompt payments to Subcontractors or for labor, materials or equipment of if he disregards laws, ordinances, rules, regulations or orders of any public body having jurisdiction, or if he disregards.the authority of the ENGINEER, or if he otherwise violates any provision of the Contract Documents, then the OWNER may, without prejudice to any other right or remedy and after giving the CONTRACTOR and his surety seven days' written notice, terminate the services of the CONTRACTOR and take possession of the Project and of all materials, equipment, tools, construction equipment and machinery thereon owned by the CONTRACTOR, and finish the Work by whatever method he may deem expedient. In such case the CONTRACTOR shall not be entitled to receive any further payment until the Work is finished. If the unpaid bal- ance of the Contract Price exceeds the direct and indirect costs of completing the Project, including compensation for additional professional services, such excess shall be paid to the CONTRACTOR. If such costs exceed such unpaid balance, the CONTRACTOR will pay the difference to the OWNER. Such costs incurred by the OWNER will be determined by the ENGINEER and incorporated in a Change Order. 36.2. Where the CONTRACTOR's services have been so terminated by the OWNER, said termination shall not affect any rights of the OWNER against the CONTRACTOR then exist- ing or which may thereafter accrue. Any retention or payment of moneys by the OWNER due the CONTRACTOR will not release the CONTRACTOR from liability. 36.3. Upon seven days' written notice to the CONTRACTOR and the ENGINEER, the OWNER may, without cause and without prejudice to any other right or remedy, elect to abandon the Project and terminate the Agreement. In such case, the CONTRACTOR shall be paid for all Work executed and any expense sustained plus a reasonable profit. SECTION 37. CONTRACTOR'S RIGHT TO STOP WORK OR TERMINATE If, through no act or fault of the CONTRACTOR, the Work is suspended for a period of more than ninety days by the -27- OWNER or under any order of court or other public authority, or the ENGINEER fails to issue any Progress Payment Document within thirty days after it is due, or the OWNER fails to pay the CONTRACTOR any sum approved by the ENGINEER or awarded by arbitrators within thirty days of its approval and presentation, then the CONTRACTOR may, upon seven days' written notice to the OWNER and ENGINEER, terminate the Agreement and recover from the OWNER payment for all Work executed and any expense sustained plus a reason- able profit. In addition and in lieu of terminating the Agreement, if the ENGINEER has failed to issue any Progress Payment Document or the OWNER has failed to make any payment as aforesaid, the CONTRACTOR may upon seven days' notice to the OWNER and the ENGINEER stop the Work until he has been paid all amounts then due. SECTION 38. ARBITRATION 38.1. All claims, disputes and other matters in ques- tion arising out of, or relating to, this Agreement or the breach thereof except for claims which have been waived. by the making or acceptance of final payment as provided by paragraph 29.2, shall be decided by arbitration in accordance with the Construction Industry Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association then obtaining. This Agreement so to arbitrate shall be specifically enforce- able under the prevailing arbitration law. The award ren- dered by the arbitrators shall be final, and judgment may be entered upon it in any court having jurisdiction thereof. 38.2. Notice of the demand for arbitration shall be filed in writing with the other party to the Agreement and with the American Arbitration Association, and a copy shall be filed with the ENGINEER. The demand for arbitration shall be made within the 30 day period specified in para- graph 14.3 where applicable, and in all other cases within a reasonable time after the claim, dispute or other -matter in question has arisen, and in no event shall it be made after institution of legal or equitable proceedings based on such claim, dispute or other matter in question would be barred by the applicable statute of limitations.. 38.3. The CONTRACTOR will carry on the Work and main- tain the progress schedule during any arbitration proceed- ings, unless otherwise agreed by him and the OWNER in writing. SECTION 39. MISCELLANEOUS 39.1. Whenever any provision of the Contract Documents requires the giving of written notice it shall be deemed to have been validly given if delivered in person to the individual or to a member of the firm or to an officer -of -28- the corporation for whom it is intended, or if delivered at or sent by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, to the last business address known to him who gives the notice. 39.2. All moneys not paid when due hereunder shall bear interest at the legal rate in force at the place of the Project. 39.3. The duties and obligations imposed by these General Conditions and the rights and remedies available hereunder, and, in particular but without limitation, the warranties,.guarantees and obligations imposed upon the CONTRACTOR by Sections 25 and 30 and the rights and remedies available to the OWNER and ENGINEER thereunder, shall be in addition to and not a limitation of any otherwise im- posed or available by law, by special guarantee or other provisions of the Contract Documents. 39.4. Should the OWNER or the CONTRACTOR suffer injury or damage to its person or property because of any error, omission or act of the other or of any of his employees or agents or others for whose acts he is legally liable, claim shall be made in writing to the other.party within a reasonable time of the first observance of such injury or damage. 39.5. The Contract Documents shall be governed by the law of the place of the Project. -29-